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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


_________________

SCHEDULE 14A

(Rule 14a 101)
_________________
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT
SCHEDULED 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



(Amendment No. __)
Filed by the Registrantx
Filed by a Party other than the Registranto

Check the appropriate box:

o
Preliminary Proxy Statement
oConfidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
xDefinitive Proxy Statement
oDefinitive Additional Materials
oSoliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

SenesTech, Inc.

(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check in the appropriate box):

x
No fee required.
oFee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
(1)Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:

(2)Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:

(3)Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):

(4)Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:

(5)Total fee paid:

oFee paid previously with preliminary materials.
Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a- 6(i)(1) and 0-11.
oCheck box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
(1)Amount Previously Paid:

(2)Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:

(3)Filing Party:

(4)Date Filed:




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[GRAPHIC MISSING]

SENESTECH, INC.
23460 N. 19th Ave., Suite 110
Phoenix, Arizona 85027

July 31, 2023
Dear Stockholder:
We cordially invite you to attend a special meeting of stockholders (the “Special Meeting”) of SenesTech, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which will be held on Friday, August 18, 2023, at 10:00 a.m., local time, at 23460 N. 19th Ave., Suite 110, Phoenix, Arizona 85027.
Details regarding the Special Meeting and the business to be conducted at the Special Meeting are more fully described in the accompanying Notice of Special Meeting of Stockholders and proxy statement. You are entitled to vote at the Special Meeting and any adjournments, continuations or postponements thereof only if you were a stockholder as of July 28, 2023.
Your vote is very important, regardless of the number of shares of our voting securities that you own. Whether or not you expect to attend the Special Meeting in person, please vote as promptly as possible by following the instructions in the accompanying proxy statement to ensure your representation and the presence of a quorum at the Special Meeting. As an alternative to voting in person during the Special Meeting, you may vote via the Internet, by telephone or by signing, dating and returning the accompanying proxy card.
If your shares are held in the name of a broker, trust, bank or other nominee, and you receive these materials through your broker or through another intermediary, please complete and return the materials in accordance with the instructions provided to you by such broker or other intermediary, or you may also attend the meeting and vote in person during the meeting.
On behalf of management and our Board of Directors, I urge you to submit your vote as soon as possible, even if you currently plan to attend the Special Meeting in person.
If you have any questions regarding the attached proxy statement or need assistance in voting your shares of common stock or preferred stock, please contact our proxy solicitor, Alliance Advisors, LLC, by telephone at 1-800-574-5925 (stockholders) and 928-779-4143 (brokers, banks and other nominees), or by e-mail at snes@allianceadvisors.com.
On behalf of management and our Board of Directors, we thank you for your continued support and interest in SenesTech, Inc.
Sincerely,
/s/ Joel L. Fruendt
Joel L. Fruendt
President and Chief Executive Officer



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SENESTECH, INC.
NOTICE OF ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON May 19, 2016

TO THE STOCKHOLDERS:

AUGUST 18, 2023

Dear Stockholder:
Notice is hereby given that the 2017 Annual Meetinga special meeting of Stockholdersstockholders (the “Special Meeting”) of SenesTech, Inc., a Delaware corporation, (the “Company”), will be held on Friday, May 19, 2017August 18, 2023, at 10:00 a.m., local time, at the Holiday Inn Hotel & Suites,23460 N. 19th Ave., Suite 110, Phoenix, Airport North at 1515 N 44th St., Phoenix, AZ 85008,Arizona 85027.
The Special Meeting will be held for the following purposes:

1.To elect the following individuals to the board of directors: Julia Williams and Marc Dumont as Class I directors, each to serve for a three-year term until the annual general meeting of stockholders to be held in 2020 and until her or his successor is duly elected and qualified;
2.To ratify the appointment of M&K CPAS, PLLC as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017; and
3.To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment or adjournments thereof.

1.To approve an amendment to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Charter”), to effect a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of our common stock, by a ratio of not less than 1-for-2 shares and not more than 1-for-12 shares, with the exact ratio to be set at a whole number within this range by our Board of Directors in its sole discretion (the “Reverse Stock Split Proposal”);
2.To approve an adjournment of the Special Meeting, to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes in favor of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal (the “Adjournment Proposal”); and
3.To transact such other business as may properly come before the Special Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.
The foregoing items of business are more fully described in the Proxy Statementproxy statement accompanying this Notice.

The boardNotice of directorsSpecial Meeting of Stockholders.

Our Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on April 12, 2017July 28, 2023 as the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at this meeting.the Special Meeting. Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 12, 2017July 28, 2023 are entitled to receive notice of, and to vote at, the meetingSpecial Meeting and any adjournment thereof.

All A complete list of registered stockholders entitled to vote at the Special Meeting will be available for inspection at our offices during regular business hours for the 10 calendar days prior to the Special Meeting and during the Special Meeting.

It is important that your shares be represented and voted, regardless of whether you plan to attend the Special Meeting in person. You may vote in advance of the Special Meeting on the Internet, by telephone or by completing and mailing a proxy or voting card. Voting in advance by Internet, telephone or mail will ensure your shares are invited torepresented at the Special Meeting. If you attend the meeting in person. However,person, you may choose to ensurerevoke your representation at the meeting, you are urged to mark, sign, dateproxy and return the enclosed proxy card as promptly as possible in the postage-prepaid envelope enclosed for that purpose. Any stockholder attending the meeting may vote in person even if such stockholder has previously returned a proxy.

By Orderduring the meeting.

On behalf of themanagement and our Board of Directors,

Loretta P. Mayer, Chair of the Board we thank you for your continued support and interest in SenesTech, Inc.

Sincerely,
/s/ Joel L. Fruendt
Joel L. Fruendt
President and Chief Executive Officer
Flagstaff,
Phoenix, Arizona
April 20, 2017

Important Notice Regarding the AvailabilityJuly 31, 2023



Table of Proxy Materials for the Stockholder Meeting to Be Held on May 19, 2017: The proxy statement and annual report to stockholders are available athttp://senestech.investorroom.com/.

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SENESTECH, INC.

PROXY STATEMENT
FOR THE 2017 ANNUALSPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

PROCEDURAL MATTERS

General

The enclosed proxy is being solicited by the boardour Board of directors of SenesTech, Inc., a Delaware corporation,Directors for use at the 2017 AnnualSpecial Meeting, of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) to be held on Friday, May 19, 2017August 18, 2023 at 10:00 a.m., local time, andor at any adjournment or postponement thereof, for the purposes set forth herein and in the accompanying Notice of AnnualSpecial Meeting of Stockholders. The AnnualSpecial Meeting will be held at the Holiday Inn Hotel & Suites, Phoenix Airport North at 1515 N 44th St., Phoenix, AZ 85008. Ourour principal executive offices are located at 314023460 N. Caden Court,19th Ave., Suite 1, Flagstaff, AZ 86004 and the110, Phoenix, Arizona 85027. Our telephone number at suchour principal executive offices is (928) 779-4143. As used in this proxy statement, “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company”“our company” refer to SenesTech, Inc.

These proxy solicitation materials were mailed on, a Delaware corporation.

On or about April 20, 2017August 3, 2023, we are mailing to all stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.

Special Meeting, paper copies of this proxy statement. The Notice of Special Meeting and proxy statement are also available online at www.proxyvote.com.

Record Date and Outstanding Shares

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 12, 2017 (the “record date”)July 28, 2023, or the record date, are entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the AnnualSpecial Meeting. Our only outstanding voting securities are shares of common stock, $0.001 par value.value (“Common Stock”). As of the record date, 10,161,0422,964,485 shares of our common stockCommon Stock were issued and outstanding, which shares of common stock areCommon Stock were held by approximately 867694 stockholders of record.

Revocability of Proxies

Any proxy given pursuant

Stockholders Entitled to this solicitation may be revoked by the person giving it at any time prior to its use by delivering to our Secretary,Vote at the address referenced above, a written instrument revoking the proxy or delivering a duly executed proxy bearing a later date (in either case no later thanSpecial Meeting
Holders of record of our Common Stock as of the close of business on May 18, 2017)the record date will be entitled to notice of and to vote at the Special Meeting and at any adjournments or postponements thereof. Holders of record of shares of our Common Stock have the right to vote on all matters brought before the Special Meeting.
You do not need to attend the Special Meeting to vote your shares. Instead, you may vote your shares by marking, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card or voting through the Internet or by attendingtelephone.
Voting Rights of the Annual Meeting and voting in person.

Voting and Solicitation

Stockholders

Each holdershare of common stockour Common Stock outstanding as of the record date is entitled to one vote per share on all matters properly brought before the Special Meeting.
How To Vote
Whether you plan to attend the Special Meeting or not, we urge you to submit your voting instructions by proxy. Voting by proxy will not affect your right to attend the Special Meeting. All shares represented by valid proxies that we receive through this solicitation, and that are not revoked, will be voted in accordance with your instructions on the proxy card or as instructed via the Internet or telephone. If you properly submit a proxy without giving specific voting instructions, your shares will be voted in accordance with our Board of Directors’ recommendations as noted below. If you neither submit by proxy nor vote your shares during the Special Meeting, your shares will not be voted if you are a registered stockholder. If your shares are held in street name, your broker, bank or other holder of record may vote your shares on certain “routine” matters. See “Quorum; Abstentions; Broker Non-Votes; Results” below for each share held.

Thismore information.

If your shares are registered directly in your name through our stock transfer agent, Transfer Online, or you have stock certificates registered in your name, you may vote:
By the Internet or by telephone. Follow the instructions included in the proxy card to submit your voting instructions over the Internet or by telephone.
By mail. If you received a proxy card by mail, you can have your shares voted by mail by completing, signing, dating and returning the proxy card as instructed on the card. If you sign the proxy card but do not specify how you want your shares voted, they will be voted in accordance with our Board of Directors’ recommendations as noted below.
In person at the Special Meeting. If you attend the Special Meeting, you may deliver a completed proxy card in person or you may vote by completing a ballot, which will be available at the Special Meeting.
Telephone and Internet voting facilities for stockholders of record will be available 24 hours a day and will close at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on August 17, 2023.
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If your shares are held in “street name” (held in the name of a bank, broker or other holder of record), you will receive instructions from the holder of record. You must follow the instructions of the holder of record in order for your shares to be voted. Telephone and Internet voting also will be offered to stockholders owning shares through certain banks and brokers.
Revocability of Proxies
If you give us your proxy, you may change or revoke it at any time before the Special Meeting. You may change or revoke your proxy in any one of the following ways:
if you received a proxy card, by signing a new proxy card with a date later than your previously delivered proxy and submitting it as instructed above;
by submitting your proxy by the Internet or by telephone as instructed above;
by notifying the Corporate Secretary of our company in writing before the Special Meeting that you have revoked your proxy; or
by attending the Special Meeting in person and voting in person. Attending the Special Meeting in person will not in and of itself revoke a previously submitted proxy. You must specifically request at the Special Meeting that it be revoked.
Solicitation
We have retained Alliance Advisors, LLC to act as a proxy solicitor for the Special Meeting. We have agreed to pay Alliance Advisors, LLC $9,000, plus reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, for proxy solicitation of proxies is made by our board of directors,services and, allif needed, additional fees for telephone solicitation. All related costs will be borne by us. We may reimburse brokerage firms and other persons representing beneficial owners of shares for their expenses in forwarding solicitation material to such beneficial owners. Proxies may also be solicited by certain of our directors, officers or administrative employees without the payment of any additional consideration. Solicitation of proxies may be made by mail, by telephone, by email, in person or otherwise.

Stockholders of Record and “Street Name” Holders

Where shares are registered directly in the holder’s name, that holder is the stockholder of record with respect to those shares. If shares are held by an intermediary, meaning in a stock brokerage account or by a bank, trust or other nominee, then the broker, bank, trust or other nominee is considered the stockholder of record as to those shares. Those shares are said to be held in “street name” on behalf of the beneficial owner of the shares. Street-name holders generally cannot directly vote their shares and must instead instruct the broker or other nominee how to vote their shares using the voting instruction form provided by that broker or other nominee. Many brokers also offer the option of giving voting instructions over the internet or by telephone. Instructions for giving your vote as a street-name holder are provided on your voting instruction form.

Quorum; Abstentions; Broker Non-Votes

Non-Votes; Results

At the AnnualSpecial Meeting, an inspector of elections will determine the presence of a quorum and tabulate the results of the voting by stockholders. A quorum exists when holders of a majorityone-third (1/3) of the stock issued and outstanding shares of stockand entitled to vote are present in person by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy. A quorum is necessary for the transaction of business at the AnnualSpecial Meeting.


Broker non-votes can occur as to shares held in street name. Under the current rules that govern brokers and other nominee holders of record, if a street-name holder does not give instructions to its broker or other nominee, such broker or other nominee will be able to vote such shares only with respect to proposals for which the broker or other nominee has discretionary voting authority.authority, i.e., “routine” matters under The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, or Nasdaq, rules. A “broker non-vote” occurs when a broker or other nominee submits a proxy for the AnnualSpecial Meeting but does not vote on a particular proposal because such broker or other nominee either does not exercise its discretionary voting authority or does not have discretionary voting power with respect to that proposal and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner.

The approval

Both of the election of directors (Proposal No. 1) is a proposal for which brokers do not have discretionary voting authority. Ifproposals you hold your shares in street name and you do not instruct your broker howare being asked to vote on this proposal, yourat the Special Meeting, including the Reverse Stock Split Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal, are considered “routine.” Stockholders are urged to give their bank or broker will not voteinstructions on them and those non-votes will be counted as broker non-votes. The ratification of the appointment of M&K CPAS, PLLC as our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal No. 2) is considered to be discretionary and your brokerage firm will be able to votevoting their shares on this proposal even if it does not receive instructions from you, as long as it holds your shares in its name.

all matters.

Abstentions and broker non-votes are treated as shares present for the purpose of determining whether there is a quorum for the transaction of business at the AnnualSpecial Meeting. For purposes
We intend to publish final voting results of the proposal to elect directors (Proposal No. 1) andSpecial Meeting in a Current Report on Form 8-K, which we expect will be filed within four business days of the proposal to ratify the appointment of M&K CPAS, PLLC as our independent registered public accounting firm (Proposal No. 2), abstentions and broker non-votesSpecial Meeting. If final voting results are not countedavailable to us in time to file a Current
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Report on Form 8-K within four business days after the Special Meeting, we intend to file a Current Report on Form 8-K to publish results as to matters for determiningwhich we have final votes and, within four business days after the number of votes cast, and therefore will not affectfinal results are known to us, file an additional Current Report on Form 8-K to publish the outcome of the vote on such proposals.

final results.

Required Votes and Voting

Each holder of Common Stock is entitled to one vote for each share held. Assuming that a quorum is present at the AnnualSpecial Meeting, the following votes will be required:

With regard to Proposal No. 1, the two nominees for election to the board of directors who receive the greatest number of votes cast “for” the election of the directors by the shares present, in person or by proxy, will be elected to the board of directors. Stockholders are not entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors.
With regard to Proposal No. 2, approval of this proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of shares of common stock present in person or by proxy.
ProposalVoting OptionsVote Required to Adopt
the Proposal
Effect of
Abstentions
Effect of Broker
Non-Votes
1.Reverse Stock Split Proposal
For, against or abstain
To be approved by stockholders, this proposal must receive the affirmative “FOR” vote of a majority of the votes cast by holders of the outstanding shares of Common Stock present in person or represented by proxy at the Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the proposal.
No effectBrokers have discretion to vote
2.Adjournment Proposal    
For, against or abstain
To be approved by stockholders, this proposal must receive the affirmative “FOR” vote of the majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of Common Stock present in person or represented by proxy at the Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the proposal.
AgainstBrokers have discretion to vote

All shares entitled to vote and represented by properly executed, unrevoked proxies received before the AnnualSpecial Meeting will be voted at the AnnualSpecial Meeting in accordance with the instructions given on those proxies. If no instructions are given on a properly executed proxy, the shares represented by that proxy will be voted as follows:

FOR“FOR” the director nominees named inReverse Stock Split Proposal No. 1 of this proxy statement; and

FOR Proposal No. 2, to ratify “FOR” the appointment of M&K CPAS, PLLC as our independent registered public accounting firm.

Adjournment Proposal.

If any other matters are properly presented for consideration at the AnnualSpecial Meeting, which may include, for example, a motion to adjourn the Annual Meeting to another time or place (including, without limitation, for the purpose of soliciting additional proxies), the persons named in the enclosed proxy and acting thereunder will have discretion to vote on those matters as they deem advisable. We do not currently anticipate that any other matters will be raised at the AnnualSpecial Meeting.

Deadlines for Receipt of Stockholder Proposals

Stockholder

Pursuant to our Amended and Restated Bylaws, because this is a Special Meeting of Stockholders and we are not electing directors, our stockholders may not propose business to be brought at the Special Meeting.
As previously stated in our proxy statement filed with the SEC on April 28, 2023, stockholder proposals may be included in our proxy statement and form of proxy for an annual meeting so long as they are provided to us on a timely basis and satisfy the other conditions set forth in Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”),or the Exchange Act, regarding the inclusion of stockholder proposals in company-sponsored proxy materials. We currently anticipate holding our 2018 annual meeting of stockholders in May 2018, although the Board may decide to schedule the meeting for a different date. For a stockholder proposal to be considered timely pursuant to Rule 14a-8 for inclusion in our proxy statement and form of proxy for the annual meeting to be held in 2018,2024, we must receive the proposal at our principal executive offices, addressed to our Secretary, no later than January 21, 2018.December 29, 2023. Any proposals received after


such date will be considered untimely. Submitting a stockholder proposal does not guarantee that it will be included in our proxy statement and form of proxy.

In addition, a stockholder proposal that is not intended for inclusion in our proxy statement and form of proxy under Rule 14a-8 (including director nominations) shall be considered “timely” as calculated in accordance with Rule 14a-4(c) under the Exchange Act, and may be brought before the 20182024 annual meeting of stockholders provided that we receive information and notice of the proposal addressed to our Secretary at our principal executive offices, no earlier than February 20, 2024 and no later than March 7, 2018.

21, 2024.

Further, our Amended and Restated Bylaws, (our “Bylaws”)as amended, or Bylaws, provide that only such business shall be conducted at an annual meeting of stockholders as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be brought in accordance with Section 2.4 of our Bylaws. A copy of our Bylaws can be found as Exhibit 3.5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-213736) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on September 21, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

We strongly encourage any stockholder interested in submitting a proposal to contact our Secretary in advance of these deadlines to discuss any proposal he or she is considering, and stockholders may want to consult knowledgeable counsel with regard to the detailed requirements of applicable securities laws.

All notices of stockholder proposals, whether or not intended to be included in our proxy materials, should be in writing and sent to our principal executive offices, located at: SenesTech, Inc., 314023460 N. Caden Court,19th Ave., Suite 1, Flagstaff,110, Phoenix, Arizona 86004,85027, Attention: Secretary.


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PROPOSAL NO. 1

ELECTIONONE
APPROVAL OF DIRECTORS

General

THE REVERSE STOCK SPLIT PROPOSAL

Background and Proposed Amendment
Our Bylaws provideAmended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Charter”), currently authorizes us to issue a total of 110,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of Common Stock, and 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock.
On July 21, 2023, subject to stockholder approval, our Board of Directors approved an amendment to our Charter to effect a reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”) of our issued and outstanding Common Stock by a ratio of not less than 1-for-2 and not more than 1-for-12. The exact ratio of the Reverse Stock Split will be set within this range as determined by our Board of Directors in its sole discretion prior to the time of the Reverse Stock Split and will be publicly announced by us prior to the effective time.
The primary goals of the Reverse Stock Split are to increase the per share market price of our Common Stock to meet the minimum per share bid price requirements for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market and to assist in our capital-raising efforts. The Reverse Stock Split is not intended as, and will not have the effect of, a “going private transaction” covered by Rule 13e-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Reverse Stock Split is not intended to modify the rights of existing stockholders in any material respect.
If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved by our stockholders and the Reverse Stock Split is effected, up to every 12 shares of our outstanding Common Stock would be combined and reclassified into one share of Common Stock. The actual timing for implementation of the Reverse Stock Split would be determined by our Board of Directors based upon its evaluation as to when such action would be most advantageous to our company and our stockholders. Notwithstanding approval of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal by our stockholders, our Board of Directors will have the sole authority to elect whether or not and when to amend our Charter to effect the Reverse Stock Split. If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved by our stockholders, our Board of Directors will make a determination as to whether effecting the Reverse Stock Split is in the best interests of our company and our stockholders in light of, among other things, our ability to increase the trading price of our Common Stock without effecting the Reverse Stock Split, the per share price of the Common Stock immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split and the expected stability of the per share price of the Common Stock following the Reverse Stock Split. If our Board of Directors determines that it is in the best interests of our company and our stockholders to effect the Reverse Stock Split, it will hold a board meeting to determine the ratio of the Reverse Stock Split. For additional information concerning the factors our Board of Directors will consider in deciding whether to effect the Reverse Stock Split, see “— Determination of the Reverse Stock Split Ratio” and “— Board Discretion to Effect the Reverse Stock Split.”
The text of the proposed amendment to the Charter to effect the Reverse Stock Split is included as Annex A to this proxy statement (the “Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment”). If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved by our stockholders, we will have the authority to file the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, which will become effective upon its filing; provided, however, that the authorizedReverse Stock Split Charter Amendment is subject to revision to include such changes as may be required by the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and as our Board of Directors deems necessary and advisable. Our Board of Directors has determined that the amendment is advisable and in the best interests of our company and our stockholders and has submitted the amendment for consideration by our stockholders at the Special Meeting.
Reasons for the Reverse Stock Split
We are submitting this proposal to our stockholders for approval in order to increase the trading price of our Common Stock to continue to meet the minimum per share bid price requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market and to assist in our capital-raising efforts, which we also believe may assist in our capital raising efforts by making our Common Stock more attractive to a broader range of investors. Accordingly, we believe that the Reverse Stock Split is in our stockholders’ best interests.
While we have not yet received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market indicating that, based upon the closing bid price of our Common Stock for a 30 consecutive business day period, we have not met the minimum bid price of $1.00 per share required for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), our common stock has recently closed below $1.00 per share. Accordingly, we believe that the Reverse Stock Split is our best proactive option for ensuring an adequate margin for continuing to meet the criteria to satisfy the minimum per share bid price requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. A decrease in the number of directorsoutstanding shares of our Common Stock resulting from the Reverse Stock Split should, absent other factors, assist in ensuring that the per share market price of our Common Stock remains above the requisite price for continued listing. However, we cannot provide any assurance that our minimum bid price would remain over the minimum bid price requirement of The Nasdaq Capital Market following the Reverse Stock Split.
We also believe that the Reverse Stock Split and the resulting increase in the per share price of our Common Stock could encourage increased investor interest in our Common Stock and promote greater liquidity for our stockholders. A greater price per share of our Common Stock could allow a broader range of institutions to invest in our Common Stock (namely,
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funds that are prohibited or discouraged from buying stocks with a price below a certain threshold), potentially increasing marketability, trading volume and liquidity of our Common Stock. Many institutional investors view stocks trading at low prices as unduly speculative in nature and, as a result, avoid investing in such stocks. We believe that the Reverse Stock Split will provide our Board of Directors flexibility to make our Common Stock a more attractive investment for these institutional investors, which we believe will enhance the liquidity for the holders of our Common Stock and may facilitate future sales of our Common Stock. The Reverse Stock Split could also increase interest in our Common Stock for analysts and brokers who may otherwise have policies that discourage or prohibit them in following or recommending companies with low stock prices. Additionally, because brokers’ commissions on transactions in low-priced stocks generally represent a higher percentage of the Company shallstock price than commissions on higher-priced stocks, the current average price per share of our Common Stock can result in individual stockholders paying transaction costs representing a higher percentage of their total share value than would be fixed by the boardcase if the share price were substantially higher.
Our Board of directors from timeDirectors intends to time.effect the Reverse Stock Split only if it believes that a decrease in the number of shares outstanding is in the best interests of our company and our stockholders and is likely to improve the trading price of our Common Stock and improve the likelihood that we will be allowed to maintain our listing on The boardNasdaq Capital Market. Accordingly, our Board of directors has previously setDirectors approved the sizeReverse Stock Split as being in the best interests of our company.
Risks Associated with the Reverse Stock Split
The Reverse Stock Split May Not Increase the Price of our Common Stock Over the Long-Term.
As noted above, the purpose of the boardReverse Stock Split is to increase the per share market price of directors at seven directors.our Common Stock to meet the minimum stock price standards of The directors shall be elected at each annual general meetingNasdaq Capital Market and to assist in our capital-raising efforts. However, the effect of the stockholders. IfReverse Stock Split on the market price of our Common Stock cannot be predicted with any certainty, and we cannot assure you that the Reverse Stock Split will accomplish this objective for any reason directors are not electedmeaningful period of time, or at all. While we expect that the annual meetingreduction in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock will proportionally increase the market price of our Common Stock, we cannot assure you that the Reverse Stock Split will increase the market price of our Common Stock by a multiple of the stockholders, theyReverse Stock Split ratio, or result in any permanent or sustained increase in the market price of our Common Stock. The market price of our Common Stock may be elected at any special meetingaffected by other factors which may be unrelated to the number of shares outstanding, including our business and financial performance, general market conditions and prospects for future success.
The Reverse Stock Split May Decrease the stockholdersLiquidity of our Common Stock.
Our Board of Directors believes that is duly called and held for that purposethe Reverse Stock Split may result in the manner provided by the Bylaws.

The board of directors is divided into three classes. Except for the remainder of the initial terms for the Class II and Class III directors elected at the 2016 annual meeting of stockholders, which initial terms are currently in progress, each director will serve a three-year term. A director serves in office until her or his respective successor is duly elected and qualified, unless the director is removed, resigns or, by reason of death or other cause, is unable to serve in the capacity of director. We expect that any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the numbermarket price of directorsour Common Stock, which could lead to increased interest in our Common Stock and possibly promote greater liquidity for our stockholders. However, the Reverse Stock Split will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one third ofalso reduce the total number of directors.

Set forth belowoutstanding shares of Common Stock, which may lead to reduced trading and a smaller number of market makers for our Common Stock, particularly if the price per share of our Common Stock does not increase as a result of the Reverse Stock Split.

The Reverse Stock Split May Result in Some Stockholders Owning “Odd Lots” That May Be More Difficult to Sell or Require Greater Transaction Costs per Share to Sell.
If the Reverse Stock Split is implemented, it will increase the number of stockholders who own “odd lots” of less than 100 shares of Common Stock. A purchase or sale of less than 100 shares of Common Stock (an “odd lot” transaction) may result in incrementally higher trading costs through certain information furnishedbrokers, particularly “full service” brokers. Therefore, those stockholders who own fewer than 100 shares of Common Stock following the Reverse Stock Split may be required to uspay higher transaction costs if they sell their Common Stock.
The Reverse Stock Split May Lead to a Decrease in our Overall Market Capitalization.
The Reverse Stock Split may be viewed negatively by the director nomineesmarket and, consequently, could lead to a decrease in our overall market capitalization. If the per share market price of our Common Stock does not increase in proportion to the Reverse Stock Split ratio, then the value of our company, as measured by our market capitalization, will be reduced. Additionally, any reduction in our market capitalization may be magnified as a result of the smaller number of total shares of Common Stock outstanding following the Reverse Stock Split.
Potential Consequences if the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is Not Approved
If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is not approved by our stockholders, our Board of Directors will not have the authority to effect the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment to, among other things, facilitate the continued listing of our Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market by increasing the per share market price of our Common Stock help ensure a share price high enough to satisfy the $1.00 per share minimum bid price requirement and to assist in our capital-raising efforts. The inability of our Board of Directors to effect the Reverse Stock Split could expose us to delisting from The Nasdaq Capital Market and could have a negative impact on our capital-raising efforts.
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Determination of the Reverse Stock Split Ratio
Our Board of Directors believes that stockholder approval of a range of potential Reverse Stock Split ratios is in the best interests of our company and stockholders because it is not possible to predict market conditions at the time the Reverse Stock Split would be implemented. We believe that a range of Reverse Stock Split ratios provides us with the most flexibility to achieve the desired results of the Reverse Stock Split. The Reverse Stock Split ratio to be selected by our Board of Directors will be not less than 1-for-2 and not more than 1-for-12.
The selection of the specific Reverse Stock Split ratio will be based on several factors, including, among other things:
our ability to maintain the listing of our Common Stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market;
the historical trading price and trading volume of our Common Stock;
the trading price and trading volume of our Common Stock immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split;
the expected stability of the per share price of our Common Stock following the Reverse Stock Split;
the likelihood that the Reverse Stock Split will result in increased marketability and liquidity of our Common Stock;
the number of shares of our Common Stock outstanding;
prevailing market conditions;
general economic conditions in our industry; and
our market capitalization before and after the Reverse Stock Split.
We believe that granting our Board of Directors the authority to set the ratio for the Reverse Stock Split is essential because it allows us to take these factors into consideration and to react to changing market conditions. If our Board of Directors chooses to implement the Reverse Stock Split, we will make a public announcement regarding the determination of the Reverse Stock Split ratio.
Board Discretion to Effect the Reverse Stock Split
If the Reverse Stock Split proposal is approved by our stockholders, our Board of Directors will have the discretion to implement the Reverse Stock Split or to not effect the Reverse Stock Split at all. Our Board of Directors currently intends to effect the Reverse Stock Split. If the trading price of our Common Stock increases without effecting the Reverse Stock Split, the Reverse Stock Split may not be necessary. Following the Reverse Stock Split, if implemented, there can be no assurance that the market price of our Common Stock will rise in proportion to the reduction in the number of outstanding shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split or that the market price of the post-split Common Stock can be maintained above $1.00. There can also be no assurance that our Common Stock will not be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market for other reasons.
If our stockholders approve the Reverse Stock Split Proposal at the Special Meeting, the Reverse Stock Split will be effected, if at all, only upon a determination by our Board of Directors that the Reverse Stock Split is in the best interests of our company and our stockholders at that time. No further action on the part of the stockholders will be required to either effect or abandon the Reverse Stock Split. If our Board of Directors does not implement the Reverse Stock Split prior to the one-year anniversary of the date on which the reverse stock split is approved by our stockholders at the Special Meeting, the authority granted in this proposal to implement the Reverse Stock Split will terminate and the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment will be abandoned.
The market price of our Common Stock is dependent upon our performance and other factors, some of which are unrelated to the number of shares outstanding. If the Reverse Stock Split is effected and the market price of our Common Stock declines, the percentage decline as an absolute number and as a percentage of our overall market capitalization may be greater than would occur in the absence of the Reverse Stock Split. Furthermore, the reduced number of shares that will be outstanding after the Reverse Stock Split could significantly reduce the trading volume and otherwise adversely affect the liquidity of our Common Stock.
We have not proposed the Reverse Stock Split in response to any effort of which we are aware to accumulate our shares of Common Stock or obtain control of our company, nor is it a plan by management to recommend a series of similar actions to our Board of Directors or our stockholders. Notwithstanding the decrease in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock following the Reverse Stock Split, our Board of Directors does not intend for this transaction to be the first step in a “going private transaction” within the meaning of Rule 13e-3 of the Exchange Act.
Effects of the Reverse Stock Split
Effects of the Reverse Stock Split on Issued and Outstanding Shares.
If the Reverse Stock Split is effected, it will reduce the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, including shares held by our company as treasury shares, by a Reverse Stock Split ratio of 1-for-2 to 1-for-12. Accordingly, each of the incumbent directors whose termsour stockholders will continue following the Annual Meeting. Loretta Mayer, our co-founder, chairown fewer shares of Common Stock as a result of the board, chief executive officerReverse Stock Split. However, the Reverse Stock Split will affect all stockholders uniformly and chief scientific officer, and Cheryl Dyer,will not affect any stockholder’s percentage ownership interest in our co-founder, president, chief research officer and a director, are married. Other than Drs. Mayer and Dyer, there are no family relationships among our directors or director nominees.

Nominees for Director

Two directors are to be elected at the Annual Meetingcompany, except to the terms set forth below. The boardextent that the Reverse Stock Split would result in an adjustment to a stockholder’s

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ownership of Common Stock due to the boardtreatment of directors: Julia Williamsfractional shares in the Reverse Stock Split. Therefore, voting rights and Marc Dumontother rights and preferences of the holders of Common Stock will not be affected by the Reverse Stock Split (other than as Class I directors, each to serve for a three-year term untilresult of the annual general meetingtreatment of stockholders to be held in 2020 and until her or his successor is duly elected and qualified.

Unless otherwise instructed, the proxy holders will vote the proxies received by themfor the election of Julia Williams and Marc Dumontfractional shares). Common Stock issued pursuant to the boardReverse Stock Split will remain fully paid and nonassessable, and the par value per share of directors. Each of these individuals has indicated that she or heCommon Stock will serve if elected. We do not anticipate that any of these nominees will be unable or unwilling to stand for election, but if that occurs, all proxies received may be voted by the proxy holders for another person nominated by the board of directors. remain $0.001.

As there are two nominees, proxies may be voted for up to two persons.

Vote Required for Election of Directors

If a quorum is present, the nominees for election to the board of directors receiving the greatest number of votes cast “for” the election of the directors by the shares present, in person or by proxy, will be elected to the board of directors.

Nominees and Continuing Directors

The names and certain information as of the record date, aboutwe had 2,964,485 shares of Common Stock outstanding. For purposes of illustration, if the nomineesReverse Stock Split is effected at a ratio of 1-for-2 or 1-for-12, the number of issued and each director continuing in officeoutstanding shares of Common Stock after the Annual MeetingReverse Stock Split would be approximately 1,482,243 shares and 247,040 shares, respectively.

We are set forth below.

    
Name of Director Nominees Age Position Director Since Term Expires
Marc Dumont 73 Director 2016 2017 (Class I)
Julia Williams, M.D. 57 Director 2011 2017 (Class I)

    
Name of Continuing Directors Age Position Director Since Term Expires
Cheryl A. Dyer, Ph.D. 65 Director; President and Chief Research Officer 2004 2018 (Class II)
Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D. 67 Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer 2004 2019 (Class III)
Bob Ramsey 71 Director 2016 2018 (Class II)
Matthew Szot 42 Director 2015 2019 (Class III)
Grover Wickersham 68 Vice-Chair of the Board 2015 2019 (Class III)

Marc Dumontwas electedcurrently authorized to our boardissue a maximum of directors in January 2016. Mr. Dumont is owner, chairman and chief executive officer of Chateau de Messey Wineries, Meursault, France, a position he has held since March 1995. Mr. Dumont served as the president of PSA International SA (a PSA Peugeot Citroen Group company) from January 1981 to March 1995. He is an international financial consultant and advisor for clients in Europe and Asia, as well as the United States. He has served as the chairman of Sanderling Ventures (a European affiliate of a U.S. venture capital firm) since 1996. In the past, Mr. Dumont has served as director of Finter Bank Zurich, Novalog/Winslow Corporation, NUKO Information Systems Inc. in San Jose, CA, and Banque Internationale in Luxembourg, all of which were public companies. Mr. Dumont holds a Degree in Electrical Engineering and Applied Economics from the University of Louvain, Belgium and an MBA from the University of Chicago. We believe Mr. Dumont is qualified to serve as a member100,000,000 shares of our board of directors because of his experience and knowledge of corporate finance, international business development and operations, and his experience as a past director of other public and private companies.

Julia Williams, M.D. was elected to our board of directors in August 2011. She has been an emergency department physician since 1989. She has worked at Flagstaff Medical Center since 1999. Dr. Williams is the founder and President of Humanitarian Efforts Reaching Out, or HERO, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization that provides humanitarian services including medical and dental care, alternative power sources, solar cookers, vitamins, eye glasses, nutritional support and animal care. HERO’s mission is to help build healthy sustainable communities in underdeveloped Nations around the world. Dr. Williams has received her Doctor of Medicine from the University of Maryland School of Medicine and her Bachelors of Science from the University of Maryland. We believe that Dr. Williams is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of her medical and scientific background, commitment to and experience with animal care, and long commitment to our vision.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTEFOR
THE ELECTION OF DR. WILLIAMS AND MR. DUMONT TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
AS CLASS I DIRECTORS, EACH TO SERVE FOR A THREE-YEAR TERM UNTIL THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD IN 2020.

Cheryl A. Dyer, Ph.D.is one of our co-founders and has served as our president and a member of our board of directors since our inception in July 2004. She has served as our chief research officer since 2004, where she oversees all of our research activities for relevance to our business goals, adherence to scientific standards and assurance of regulatory, legal and contractual compliance. From June 1990 to September 1995, Dr. Dyer served as a NIH-funded Principal Investigator at The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California and from 1995 to 2010 was on faculty at Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona where she maintained an extramurally-funded research program and laboratory. She was the first Research Professor in the Department of Biology at Northern Arizona University and the first Established Investigator for the American Heart Association in the State of Arizona. Dr. Dyer earned a Bachelor’s degree in Biology from the University of California at San Diego in 1974 and a Ph.D. in Physiology and Pharmacology in 1986 in the School of Medicine at University of California at San Diego. Dr. Dyer was appointed as an Adjunct Member of the Graduate Faculty at Texas A&M University in 2015. We believe that Dr. Dyer is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of her unique scientific background, her role as our co-founder and inventor of our first product, ContraPest.


Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D.is one of our co-founders, and has served as our chair of the board since our inception in July 2004. Since June 2009, Dr. Mayer has served as our chief scientific officer. In December 2015, she assumed the title of chief executive officer, a position she previously held from June 2011 to January 2015. She is a co-inventor on the patent licensed from the University of Arizona that formed the basis for the launch of our research and development efforts and continues to contribute as co-inventor on additional patent improvements and new technology. Prior to her career in medicine and science, from 1978 to 1991 Dr. Mayer served as CEO of Binnacle Development, Inc., a California-based Real Estate Development company, where she established the first Senior Citizen Housing project in the city of San Diego, developed $45 million in product and managed an annual budget of $10 million. Dr. Mayer also served as Vice President of Soroptimist International of the Americas from 1990 to 1991, where she was responsible for NGO representation at United Nations and international board meetings, Cambridge, UK 1990 – 1991. She also served Soroptimist International of the Americas as a federation board member from 1988 to 1990 and as regional governor from 1984 to 1986. She earned a master’s degree in 1997 and a Ph.D. in 2000 in Biology from Northern Arizona University. Dr. Mayer earned a bachelors degree in Sociology from University of California, San Diego in 1971. She accepted a post-doctoral appointment with the College of Medicine at the University of Arizona in 2000. We believe that Dr. Mayer is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of her scientific experience, business background and her role as our co-founder.

Bob Ramseywas elected to our board of directors in January 2016. Since 1978, Mr. Ramsey has served as chief executive officer of Starwest Associates, which develops and implements new business models in public partnerships for ambulance and EMS services. Mr. Ramsey also currently serves as chief executive officer of the Ramsey Social Justice Foundation, a non-profit organization that is dedicated to charitable work in the fields of global sustainability and affordable housing for at-risk and vulnerable populations, including women and children. The Ramsey Social Justice Foundation is a member of the Clinton Global Initiative. Mr. Ramsey has been appointed by six different Arizona governors to various Arizona state boards and commissions, including the Arizona Department of Health Services Emergency Medical Services Council on which he has served continuously since 1988. Mr. Ramsey holds a Bachelor of Arts from Arizona State University, and Arizona State University has named a school after Mr. Ramsey. We believe Mr. Ramsey is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his experience and knowledge of business development, global sustainability, charitable organizations and state and local government.

Matthew Szotwas elected to our board of directors in December 2015 and appointed as the chairman of the audit committee of our board of directors in December 2015 and as the chairman of the compensation committee of our board of directors in July 2016. Since March 2010, he has served as the chief financial officer and treasurer of S&W Seed Company, a Nasdaq-listed agricultural seed company. From February 2007 until October 2011, Mr. Szot served as the chief financial officer for Cardiff Partners, LLC, a strategic consulting company that provided executive financial services to various publicly traded and privately held companies. From 2003 to December 2006, Mr. Szot served as chief financial officer and Secretary of Rip Curl, Inc., a market leader in wetsuit and action sports apparel products. From 1996 to 2003, Mr. Szot was a Certified Public Accountant with KPMG and served as an Audit Manager for various publicly traded companies. Mr. Szot has a Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Economics/Accountancy from the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana and is a Certified Public Accountant in the State of California. We believe that Mr. Szot is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his experience and knowledge of corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, corporate governance as well as other operational, financial and accounting matters gained as a past and present chief financial officer of other public and private companies.

Grover Wickershamwas elected to our board of directors and appointed as its vice-Chairman in December 2015. Mr. Wickersham also serves on the board of directors of S&W Seed Company, a Nasdaq-traded agricultural company, Eastside Distilling, Inc., an OTCQB-traded producer of high quality spirits, and Verseon Corporation, a London AIM-listed pharmaceutical development company. Since November 2016, Mr. Wickersham has served as the chief executive officer of Eastside Distilling, Inc. Mr. Wickersham has been a director and portfolio advisor of Glenbrook Capital Management, the general partner of a partnership that invests primarily in the securities of public companies, from 1996 to present. For


more than five years, Mr. Wickersham has served as the chairman of the board of trustees of Purisima Fund, a mutual fund advised by Fisher Investments of Woodside, California, which fund has assets under management of approximately $375 million. Between 1976 and 1981, Mr. Wickersham served as a staff attorney, and then as a branch chief, of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. He holds an A.B. from the Univ. of California at Berkeley, an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a J.D. from Univ. of California (Hastings). We believe that Mr. Wickersham is qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors because of his experience and knowledge of corporate finance and legal matters, his experience and knowledge of operational matters gained as a past and present director of other public and private companies, and his knowledge of our company.

Executive Officers

The names and certain information about our executive officers asCommon Stock. As of the record date, are set forth below:

NameAgePosition
Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D.67Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer
Cheryl A. Dyer, Ph.D.65President, Chief Research Officer and Director
Thomas C. Chesterman57Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
Kim Wolin61Executive Vice President, Operations and Secretary

Drs. Mayerthere were 2,964,485 shares of our Common Stock issued and Dyer’s biographical details are set out above underoutstanding. Although the heading “Continuing Directors.”

Tom Chesterman joinednumber of authorized shares of our company in September 2015, and has served as our chief financial officer and treasurer since December 2015. He has over 20 years of experience as the chief financial officer of a public company in the life science, technology and telecommunications industries. Most recently, he was the vice president and treasurer of General Communication Inc., a telecommunications company in Alaska, from 2013 to 2015. Previously, he was the chief financial officer of life science companies Bionovo Inc. from 2007 to 2012, Aradigm Corp. from 2002 to 2007 and Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. from 1996 to 2002. Mr. Chesterman is adept at a variety of capital market access techniques, and has significant experience in developing the operational and financial infrastructures in companies to help support successful and rapid growth. Mr. Chesterman earned a bachelor’s degree from Harvard University and an MBA from the University of California at Davis.

Kim Wolin joined our companyCommon Stock will not change as a marketing technologistresult of the Reverse Stock Split, the number of shares of our Common Stock issued and outstanding will be reduced in May 2013,proportion to the ratio selected by our Board of Directors. Thus, the Reverse Stock Split will effectively increase the number of authorized and in May 2014 was appointed executive vice presidentunissued shares of operations. From January 2009 to May 2013, she was a vice president, branch sales and service managerour Common Stock available for future issuance by the amount of Sunwest Bank, a community bank located in Flagstaff, Arizona. From November 1996 to December 2009, Ms. Wolin held the positions of assistant vice president, branch manager and Licensed Financial Advisor at Wells Fargo Bank. She has owned and operated Creative Net Solutions, a website design and hosting business, since 1994. From 1984 to 1992, Ms. Wolin owned and operated Kodas Produce Market, a health food and organic produce store in Oakland, CA. Ms. Wolin earned a bachelor’s degree in Psychology fromreduction effected by the State University of New York/Buffalo in 1977.

Reverse Stock Split.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Following the Reverse Stock Split, our Board of Directors Leadership Structure

The boardwill have the authority, subject to applicable securities laws, to issue all authorized and unissued shares without further stockholder approval, upon such terms and conditions as our Board of directors has adopted a structureDirectors deems appropriate. In addition, some of the additional shares underlie stock options and warrants, which could be exercised after the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment is effected.

Effects of the Reverse Stock Split on Outstanding Equity Awards and Plans.
If the Reverse Stock Split is effected, the terms of equity awards granted under the Incentive Plan, including (i) the number of shares and type of Common Stock (or the securities or property) which thereafter may be made the vice-chairsubject of awards; (ii) the number of shares and type of Common Stock (or other securities or property) subject to outstanding awards; (iii) the number of shares and type of Common Stock (or other securities or property) specified as the annual per-participant limitation under the Incentive Plan; (iv) the option price of each outstanding stock option; (v) the amount, if any, paid for forfeited shares in accordance with the terms of the Incentive Plan; and (vi) the number of or exercise price of shares then subject to outstanding stock appreciation rights previously granted and unexercised under the Incentive Plan, will be proportionally adjusted to the end that the same proportion of our boardissued and outstanding shares of directors is an independent directorCommon Stock in each instance shall remain subject to exercise at the same aggregate exercise price; subject to adjustments for any fractional shares as described herein and provided, however, that the number of shares of Common Stock (or other securities or property) subject to any award shall always be a separate role from our board chair and chief executive officer. We believewhole number. In addition, the current separationtotal number of shares of Common Stock that may be the vice-chair fromsubject of future grants under the board chair and chief executive officer role allows the chief executive officer to focus her time and energy on running our business and managing our operations, while leveraging the experience and perspectives of an independent vice-chairman. Our chief executive officer has generally also been a member of the board of directors. Dr. Mayer is a directorIncentive Plan, as well as any plan limits on the size of such grants (e.g., the Incentive Plan’s limit on the number of stock options or stock appreciation rights that may be granted to our chief executive officer. We believe it is important to enable our chief executive officer to provide informationofficers in any calendar year) will be adjusted and insight about us directlyproportionately decreased as a result of the Reverse Stock Split.
Effects of the Reverse Stock Split on Voting Rights.
Proportionate voting rights and other rights of the holders of Common Stock would not be affected by the Reverse Stock Split (other than as a result of the treatment of fractional shares). For example, a holder of 1% of the voting power of the outstanding Common Stock immediately prior to the directors in their deliberations. Our board of directors believes that separating the board chair/chief executive officer and vice-chairmaneffective time of the board roles is the appropriate leadership structure for us at this time and demonstrates our commitmentReverse Stock Split would continue to effective corporate governance.

Our board chair is responsible for the effective functioning of our board of directors, enhancing its efficacy by guiding board of directors processes and presiding at board of directors meetings. Our board chair presides at stockholder meetings and ensures that directors receive appropriate information from our management to fulfill their responsibilities. Our board chair also acts as a liaison between our board of directors and executive management, facilitating clear and open communication between management and the board of directors.

Board of Directors Role in Risk Oversight

Onehold 1% of the key functionsvoting power of our boardthe outstanding Common Stock after the Reverse Stock Split.

Effects of directors is informed oversightthe Reverse Stock Split on Regulatory Matters.
We are subject to the periodic reporting and other requirements of our risk management process. Our board of directorsthe Exchange Act. The Reverse Stock Split will not have a standing risk management committee, but rather intendsaffect our obligation to administer this oversight function directly through our boardpublicly file financial and other information with the SEC.
Effects of directors as a whole, as well as through various standing committeesthe Reverse Stock Split on Authorized Share Capital.
The total number of shares of capital stock that address risks inherent in their respective areas of oversight. In particular, our board of directors is responsible for monitoring and assessing strategic risk exposure and our audit committee has the responsibility to consider and discuss our major financial risk exposures and the steps our management has taken to monitor and control these exposures. The audit committee also has the responsibilitywe are authorized to issue guidelines and policieswill not be affected by the Reverse Stock Split.
Treatment of Fractional Shares in the Reverse Stock Split
We do not intend to governissue fractional shares in the processevent that a stockholder owns a number of shares of Common Stock that is not evenly divisible by which risk assessment and managementthe Reverse Stock Split ratio. If the Reverse Stock Split is undertaken andeffected, each fractional share of Common Stock will be:
rounded up to monitor compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. Our compensation committee assesses and monitors whether anythe nearest whole share of our compensation policies and programs haveCommon Stock, if such shares of Common Stock are held directly; or
rounded down to the potentialnearest whole share of Common Stock, if such shares are subject to encourage excessive risk-taking.

Director Independence

Generally,an award granted under the continued listing requirements and rules of Nasdaq, independent directors must comprise a majority of a listed company’s board of directors. Our board of directors has undertaken a review of its composition, the composition of its committees and the independence of each director. Our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Dumont, Ramsey, Szot and Wickersham, and Dr. Williams are independent within the meaning of Nasdaq listing standards and that none of such directors has any relationship with us that would interfereIncentive Plan, in order to comply with the exerciserequirements of their independent business judgment. Accordingly, a majority of our directors is independent, as required under applicable Nasdaq rules. In making this determination, our board of directors considered the currentSections 409A and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with our company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Standing Committees and Attendance

The board of directors held a total of 14 meetings during 2016. All directors attended more than 75% of the aggregate of the meetings of the board of directors and committees thereof, if any, upon which such director served during the period for which he or she has been a director or committee member during 2016.

Our board of directors includes an audit committee, a compensation committee and a corporate governance and nominating committee. Our audit, compensation and governance committees are comprised solely of independent board members. Information about these standing committees and committee meetings is set forth below.


Audit Committee

Our audit committee currently consists of Matthew Szot, who is the chair of the committee, Grover Wickersham and Marc Dumont. The board of directors has determined that, after consideration of all relevant factors, each of these directors qualifies as an “independent” director under applicable SEC and NASDAQ rules. Each member of the audit committee is able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including our consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows. Further, no member of the audit committee has participated in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, or those of any of our current subsidiaries, at any time during the past three years. The board of directors has designated Mr. Szot as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under applicable SEC rules and has determined that Mr. Szot possesses the requisite “financial sophistication” under applicable NASDAQ rules. The audit committee operates under a written charter setting forth the functions and responsibilities of the committee, which is reviewed by the audit committee on an annual basis. A current copy of the audit committee charter is available on our website athttp://senestech.investorroom.com/ on the “Board Committees” page under the heading “Corporate Governance.” The functions of the audit committee include:

Overseeing the engagement of our independent public accountants;
Reviewing our accounting policies, judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of our financial statements;
Reviewing our audited financial statements and discussing them with the independent public accountants and our management;
Meeting with the independent public accountants and our management to consider the adequacy of our internal controls;
Establishing procedures regarding complaints concerning accounting or auditing matters, reviewing and, if appropriate, approving related-party transactions, reviewing compliance with our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and reviewing our investment policy and compliance therewith; and
Reviewing our investment policy and financial plans, reporting recommendations to our full board of directors for approval and authorizing actions.

Both our independent registered accounting firm and internal financial personnel regularly meet with our audit committee and have unrestricted access to the audit committee.

Compensation Committee

Our compensation committee currently consists of Matthew Szot, who is the chair of the committee, Bob Ramsey and Julie Williams, each of whom has been determined by our board of directors to be independent in accordance with Nasdaq standards. Each member of our compensation committee is also a non-employee director, as defined pursuant to Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and an outside director, as defined pursuant to Section 162(m)424 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”).

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Effective Time of the Reverse Stock Split
If the Reverse Stock Split Proposal is approved by our stockholders, the Reverse Stock Split would become effective, if at all, when the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment is accepted and recorded by the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. However, notwithstanding approval of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal by our stockholders, our Board of Directors will have the sole authority to elect whether or not and when to amend our Charter to effect the Reverse Stock Split.
Exchange of Share Certificates
If the Reverse Stock Split is effected, each certificate representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock will be deemed for all corporate purposes to evidence ownership of post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock at the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split. As soon as amended,practicable after the effective time of the Reverse Stock Split, the Transfer Agent will mail a letter of transmittal to our stockholders containing instructions on how a stockholder should surrender its, his or her certificate(s) representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock to the Transfer Agent in exchange for certificate(s) representing post-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock. No certificate(s) representing post-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock will be issued to a stockholder until such stockholder has surrendered all certificate(s) representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock, together with a properly completed and executed letter of transmittal, to the Transfer Agent. No stockholder will be required to pay a transfer or other fee to exchange its, his or her certificate(s) representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock for certificate(s) representing post-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock registered in the same name.
Stockholders who hold uncertificated shares of Common Stock electronically in “book-entry” form will have their holdings electronically adjusted by the Transfer Agent (and, for beneficial owners, by their brokers or banks that hold in “street name” for their benefit, as the case may be) to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split. If any certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock to be exchanged contain a restrictive legend or notation, as applicable, the certificate(s) or book-entry statement(s) representing post-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock will contain the same restrictive legend or notation.
Any stockholder whose share certificate(s) representing pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock has been lost, stolen or destroyed will only be issued post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock after complying with the requirements that we and the Transfer Agent customarily apply in connection with lost, stolen or destroyed certificates.
STOCKHOLDERS SHOULD NOT DESTROY STOCK CERTIFICATES REPRESENTING PRE-REVERSE STOCK SPLIT SHARES OF COMMON STOCK AND SHOULD NOT SUBMIT ANY STOCK CERTIFICATES REPRESENTING PRE-REVERSE STOCK SPLIT SHARES OF COMMON STOCK UNTIL THEY ARE REQUESTED TO DO SO.
Appraisal Rights
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, our stockholders are not entitled to appraisal or dissenter’s rights with respect to the Reverse Stock Split, and we will not independently provide our stockholders with any such rights.
Regulatory Approvals
The Reverse Stock Split will not be consummated, if at all, until after approval of our stockholders is obtained. We are not obligated to obtain any governmental approvals or comply with any state or federal regulations prior to consummating the Reverse Stock Split other than the filing of the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
Accounting Treatment of the Reverse Stock Split
If the Reverse Stock Split is effected, the par value per share of our Common Stock will remain unchanged at $0.001. Accordingly, on the effective date of the Reverse Stock Split, the stated capital on our consolidated balance sheets attributable to our Common Stock will be reduced in proportion to the size of the Reverse Stock Split ratio, and the additional paid-in-capital account will be increased by the amount by which the stated capital is reduced. Our stockholders’ equity, in the aggregate, will remain unchanged. Per share net income or loss will be increased because there will be fewer shares of Common Stock outstanding. The Common Stock held in treasury will be reduced in proportion to the Reverse Stock Split ratio. We do not anticipate that any other accounting consequences, including changes to the amount of stock-based compensation expense to be recognized in any period, will arise as a result of the Reverse Stock Split.
Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Reverse Stock Split
The following is a discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split. This discussion is included for general information purposes only and does not purport to address all aspects of U.S. federal income tax law that may be relevant to stockholders in light of their particular circumstances. This discussion is based on
8    

the Code and current Treasury Regulations, administrative rulings and court decisions, all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, and any such change could affect the continuing validity of this discussion.
All stockholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split. This discussion does not address the tax consequences to stockholders that are subject to special tax rules, such as banks, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, personal holding companies, foreign entities, partnerships, nonresident alien individuals, broker-dealers and tax-exempt entities, persons holding shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction or other integrated investment, U.S. holders (as defined below) subject to the alternative minimum tax or the unearned income Medicare tax and U.S. holders whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. This summary also assumes that the pre-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock were, and the post-Reverse Stock Split shares of Common Stock will be, held as a “capital asset,” as defined in Section 1221 of the Code. The compensation committee operates
As used herein, the term “U.S. holder” means a holder that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation or other entity taxed as a corporation created or organized in or under a written charter,the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate the income of which is reviewedsubject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or
a trust (A) if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more “U.S. persons” (as defined in the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has a valid election in effect to be treated as a U.S. person.
In general, no gain or loss should be recognized by a stockholder upon the exchange of pre-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock for post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock. The aggregate tax basis of the post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock should be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the pre-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock exchanged in the Reverse Stock Split. A stockholder’s holding period in the post-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock should include the period during which the stockholder held the pre-Reverse Stock Split Common Stock exchanged in the Reverse Stock Split.
As noted above, we will not issue fractional shares of Common Stock in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. In certain circumstances, stockholders who would be entitled to receive fractional shares of Common Stock because they hold a number of shares not evenly divisible by the committee onReverse Stock Split ratio will automatically be entitled to receive an annual basis. A current copyadditional fraction of a share of Common Stock to round up to the next whole post-Reverse Stock Split share of Common Stock. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of the compensation committee charterreceipt of such an additional fraction of a share of Common Stock is available on our websitenot clear.
The tax treatment of a stockholder may vary depending upon the particular facts and circumstances of such stockholder. Each stockholder is urged to consult with such stockholder’s own tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of the Reverse Stock Split.
Vote Required
The approval of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal requires the affirmative “FOR” vote of a majority of the votes cast by holders of the outstanding shares of Common Stock present in person or represented by proxy athttp://senestech.investorroom.com/ the Special Meeting and entitled to vote on the “Board Committees” page under the heading “Corporate Governance.” The functionsproposal. Each of the compensation committee include:

Reviewingfailure to vote by proxy or to vote in person, an abstention and a broker non-vote will have no effect on the Reverse Stock Split Proposal. A vote on this proposal will be considered a “routine” matter. Therefore, we do not expect any broker non-votes on this proposal and a failure to instruct your broker, bank or other nominee on how to vote your shares will not necessarily count as a vote against this proposal.
Board Recommendation
Our Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” the approval of the Reverse Stock Split Proposal.
9    

PROPOSAL TWO
APPROVAL OF THE ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL
Background
Our Board of Directors believes that if deemed appropriate, recommending to our boardthe number of directors policies, practices, and procedures relating to the compensationshares of our directors, officers,Common Stock outstanding and other managerial employees andentitled to vote at the establishment and administration of our employee benefit plans;
Determining or recommendingSpecial Meeting is insufficient to approve the board of directorsReverse Stock Split, it is in the compensation of our executive officers; and
Advising and consulting with our officers regarding managerial personnel and development.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

Our nominating and corporate governance committee currently consists of Grover Wickersham, who is the chairbest interests of the committee, Marc Dumont and Bob Ramsey, eachstockholders to enable our Board of whom has been determined by our boardDirectors to continue to seek to obtain a sufficient number of directorsadditional votes to be independent in accordance with Nasdaq standards. The corporate governance and nominating committee operates under a written charter, which is reviewed byapprove the committee on an annual basis andReverse Stock Split Proposal.

In the Adjournment Proposal, we are asking stockholders to authorize the holder of any proxy solicited by the Board of Directors as appropriate. A current copyto vote in favor of adjourning or postponing the Special Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. If our stockholders approve this proposal, we could adjourn or postpone the Special Meeting, and any adjourned session of the nominating and corporate governance committee charter is available on our website athttp://senestech.investorroom.com/ onSpecial Meeting, to use the “Board Committees” page under the heading “Corporate Governance.” The functionsadditional time to solicit additional proxies in favor of the corporate governance and nominating committee include:

Evaluating the composition, size and governance of our board of directors and its committees and make recommendations regarding future planning and the appointment of directors to our committees;Reverse Stock Split Proposal.
Evaluating and recommending candidates for election to our board of directors;
Establishing a policy for considering stockholder nominees for election to our board of directors; and
Reviewing our corporate governance principles and providing recommendations to the board regarding possible changes.

Director Nomination Process

The board of directors has determined that director nomination responsibilities should be overseen by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (the “Committee”). OneAdditionally, approval of the Committee’s goals is to assemble a BoardAdjournment Proposal could mean that, brings to us a variety of perspectives and skills derived from high quality business and professional experience. Factors considered by the Committee include judgment, knowledge, skill, diversity (including factors such as race, gender and experience), integrity, experience with businesses and other organizations of comparable size, including experience in animal and health sciences, business, finance, administration or public service, the relevance of a candidate’s experience to our needs and experience of other Board members, familiarity with national and international business matters, experience with accounting rules and practices, the desire to balance the considerable benefit of continuity with the periodic injection of the fresh perspective provided by new members, and the extent to which a candidate would be a desirable addition to the board of directors and any committees of the board of directors. In addition, directors are expected to be able to exercise their best business judgment when acting on behalf of us and our stockholders, act ethically at all times and adhere to the applicable provisions of our code of ethics and business conduct. Other than consideration of the foregoing and applicable SEC and Nasdaq requirements, unless determined otherwise by the Committee, there are no stated minimum criteria, qualities or skills for director nominees. However, the Committee may also consider such other factors as it may deem are in the best interests of us and our stockholders. In addition, at least one member of the board of directors serving on the audit committee should meet the criteria for an “audit committee financial expert” having the requisite “financial sophistication” under applicable Nasdaq and SEC rules, andevent we receive proxies indicating that a majority of the membersvotes cast by holders of the boardoutstanding shares of directors should meetour Common Stock present in person or represented by proxy at the definitionSpecial Meeting will vote against the Reverse Stock Split Proposal, we could adjourn or postpone the Special Meeting without a vote on the Reverse Stock Split Charter Amendment and use the additional time to solicit the holders of “independent director” under applicable Nasdaq rules.

The Committee identifies director nominees by first evaluating the current membersthose shares to change their vote in favor of the boardReverse Stock Split Proposal.

Vote Required
The affirmative “FOR” vote of directors willing to continue in service. Current members of the board of directors with skills and experience that are relevant to our business and who are willing to continue in service are considered for re-nomination, balancing the value of continuity of service by existing members of the board of directors with that of obtaining a new perspective. The Committee also takes into account an incumbent director’s performance as a Board member. If any member of the board of directors does not wish to continue in service, if the Committee decides not to re-nominate a member for reelection, if the Board decided to fill a director position that is currently vacant or if the board of directors decides to recommend that the size of the board of directors be increased, the Committee identifies the desired skills and experience of a new nominee in light of the criteria described above. Current members of the board of directors and management are polled for suggestions as to individuals meeting the Committee’s criteria. Research may also be performed to identify


qualified individuals. Nominees for director are selected by a majority of the membersshares of Common Stock present in person or represented by proxy at the Special Meeting and entitled to vote on this proposal is required to approve this proposal. Each of the Committee, with any current directors who may be nominees themselves abstaining from anyfailure to vote relatingby proxy or to their own nomination.

It isvote in person and a broker non-vote will have no effect on the policy of the Committee to consider suggestions for persons to be nominated for director that are submitted by stockholders. The CommitteeAdjournment Proposal. An abstention will evaluate stockholder suggestions for director nominees inhave the same mannerpractical effect as it evaluates suggestions for director nominees made by management, then-current directorsa vote against this proposal. As described above, the Adjournment Proposal is considered a “routine” matter. Therefore, your broker, bank or other appropriate sources. Stockholders suggesting persons as director nominees should send information about a proposed nominee may vote your shares without receiving instructions from you on this proposal and accordingly, we do not expect any broker non-votes on this proposal. A failure to our Secretary at our principal executive offices as referenced above at least 120 days before the anniversary of the mailing date of the prior year’s proxy statement. This information should be in writing and should include a signed statement by the proposedinstruct your broker, bank or other nominee that he or she is willingon how to servevote your shares will not necessarily count as a director of SenesTech, a description of the proposed nominee’s relationship to the stockholder and any information that the stockholder feels will fully inform the Committee about the proposed nominee and his or her qualifications. The Committee may request further information from the proposed nominee and the stockholder making the recommendation. In addition, a stockholder may nominate one or more persons for election as a director at our annual meeting of stockholders if the stockholder complies with the notice, information, consent and other provisions relating to stockholder nominees contained in our Bylaws. Please see the section above titled “Deadlines for Receipt of Stockholder Proposals” for important information regarding stockholder proposals, including director nominations.

Code of Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in compliance with applicable rules of the SEC that applies to our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer and our principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, as well as to all members of ourvote against this proposal.

Board Recommendation
Our Board of Directors and all other employees. A copyrecommends that you vote “FOR” the Adjournment Proposal.
10    

Table of this policy is available on our website athttp://senestech.investorroom.com/ on the “Documents and Policies” page under the heading “Corporate Governance,” or free of charge upon written request to the attention of our Secretary, by regular mail at our principal executive offices, email to inquiries@senestech.com or fax at 928-526-0243. We will disclose, on our website, any amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions and that relates to any element of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics enumerated in applicable rules of the SEC. In addition, we have adopted a policy for research misconduct, which also applies to all officers, directors and employees.

2016 Director Compensation

The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by or paid to our non-employee directors during the year ended December 31, 2016.

    
Name Cash Awards
($)
 Option Awards
($)(3)
 RSU Award
($)(4)
 Total
($)
Marc Dumont $32,500(1)  $169,040  $24,997  $226,537 
Bob Ramsey $30,000(1)  $169,040  $24,997  $224,037 
Matthew K. Szot $105,000(2)  $88,240  $24,997  $218,237 
Julia Williams, M.D. $27,500(1)  $88,240  $24,997  $140,737 
Grover Wickersham $70,000(1)  $88,240  $24,997  $183,237 

(1)These cash awards represent pre-payment of 2017 Board Cash Compensation (as detailed below). These pre-payment amounts were paid in December 2016 for service to be provided through the Annual Meeting.
(2)The $105,000 cash award represents pre-payment of 2017 Board Cash Compensation (as detailed below) of $55,000. These pre-payment amounts were paid in December 2016 for service to be provided through the Annual Meeting. In addition, Mr. Szot received a one-time $50,000 payment in recognition of past service to the Board.

(3)Represents grants of non-statutory options that scheduled to vest at various times through January, 2019.
(4)Represents grants of restricted stock units that vest on the 12 month anniversary of grant. All awards listed will be vested by December 31, 2017.

Non-Employee Director Compensation Program

On December 19, 2016, the Board adopted a non-employee director compensation program (the “Program”) for providing cash and equity compensation to its non-employee directors for their service on the Board and committees of the Board. The Program became effective for the service of non-employee directors beginning January 1, 2017. The components of the Program are as follows:

Equity Compensation:Grant details
Annual RSU grant for serving on the BoardA number of RSUs equal to $25,000 divided by the closing market price of the common stock on the date of grant; 100% of which RSUs will vest after one year of continuous service on the Board. Grants may be made at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the board of directors following the Annual Meeting.
Annual stock option grant for serving on the BoardNonstatutory stock options to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock; exercise price equal to the closing market price of the common stock on the date of grant; 25% of which options will vest on the first day of each calendar quarter following the date of grant, so that 100% of the options will be fully vested on the one-year anniversary of the date of grant. The options will expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant. Grants may be made at the next regularly scheduled meeting of the board of directors following the Annual Meeting.

In addition, we reimburse non-employee directors for reasonable travel expenses for participation in board meetings and for travel conducted on behalf of our business.

Each of Dr. Mayer, who serves as our chair of the board, chief executive officer and chief scientific officer, and Dr. Dyer, who serves as our president and chief research officer, receives no compensation for her service as a director, and the compensation received by Drs. Mayer and Dyer as employees during 2016 is presented in “Executive Officer Compensation — Summary Compensation Table.”


EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide a separately-captioned “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” (“CD&A”) section. However, in order to provide a greater understanding to our stockholders regarding our compensation policies and decisions with respect to our named executive officers, we are including the following narrative disclosure to highlight salient portions of a typical CD&A. This narrative disclosure should be read in conjunction with the Summary Compensation Table and related tables that are presented elsewhere in this Proxy Statement.

Compensation Philosophy and Processes

Compensation for our executives and key employees is designed to attract and retain people who share our vision and values and who can consistently perform in such a manner that enables us to achieve its strategic goals. The compensation committee believes that the total compensation package for each of our executive officers is competitive with the market, thereby allowing us to retain executive talent capable of leveraging the skills of our employees and our unique assets in order to increase stockholder value. Our “named executive officers” refers to those executive officers identified in the Summary Compensation Table below. Our named executive officers for fiscal year 2016 included the following individuals: Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D., Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer; Cheryl A. Dyer, Ph.D., President and Chief Research Officer; and Thomas Chesterman, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary.

Our executive compensation programs are designed to (1) motivate and reward our executive officers, (2) retain our executive officers and encourage their quality service, (3) incentivize our executive officers to appropriately manage risks while improving our financial results, and (4) align executive officers’ interests with those of our stockholders. Under these programs, our executive officers are rewarded for the achievement of company objectives and the realization of increased stockholder value.

The program seeks to remain competitive with the market while also aligning the executive compensation program with stockholder interests through the following types of compensation: (i) base salary; (ii) annual cash-based incentive bonuses; and (iii) equity-based incentive awards.

Key Executive Compensation Objectives

The compensation policies developed by the compensation committee are based on the philosophy that compensation should reflect both Company-wide performance, financially and operationally, and the individual performance of the executive, including management of personnel under his supervision. The compensation committee’s objectives when setting compensation for our executive officers include:

Our compensation program is designed to reward superior performance of both the Company and of each individual executives and seeks to encourage actions that drive our business strategy. In fiscal 2016, we instituted a process by which the compensation committee or a member thereof, will meet with each of our executives quarterly to review performance, goals and expectations so that our annual compensation decisions, when made, will be more transparent. Our compensation strategy is to provide a competitive opportunity for


senior executives, taking into account their total compensation packages, which include a combination of base salary, cash-based incentive bonuses and equity-based incentive bonuses.

Oversight of Executive Compensation

The Role of the Compensation Committee in Setting Compensation.  Our compensation committee determines and recommends to our board of directors the compensation of our executive officers. The compensation committee also makes recommendations to our board of directors regarding equity compensation under our 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). The compensation committee reviews base salary levels for executive officers of our company and recommends raises and bonuses based upon the company’s achievements, individual performance and competitive and market conditions. The compensation committee may delegate certain of its responsibilities, as it deems appropriate, to compensation subcommittees or to our officers, but it has not elected to do so to date.

The Role of Executives in Setting Compensation.  While the compensation committee does not delegate any of its functions to others in setting the compensation of senior management, it includes members of senior management in the compensation committee’s executive compensation process. We have asked each of our senior executives to annually provide us with input with regard to their goals for the coming year. These proposals include suggested company-wide and individual performance goals. The compensation committee reviews these proposals with the executives and provides the Committee’s perspective on those aspects that the Committee may feel should be modified. Quarterly meetings with the executives will permit an ongoing dialog to further our goal of enhancing communication and managing expectations regarding compensation matters.

The Role of Consultants in Setting Compensation.  In fiscal 2016, the compensation committee did not retain compensation consultants to assist it in its review of executive compensation although it is empowered by its charter to do so. As the compensation committee deems necessary or helpful, it may retain the services of compensation consultants in connection with the establishment and development of our compensation philosophy and programs in the future.

Compensation Risk Assessment

As part of its risk assessment process, the compensation committee reviewed material elements of executive and non-executive employee compensation. The compensation committee concluded that these policies and practices do not create risk that is reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us.

The structure of our compensation program for our executive officers does not incentivize unnecessary or excessive risk taking. The base salary component of compensation does not encourage risk taking because it is a fixed amount. The incentive plan awards have risk-limiting characteristics:


SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

Elements of Compensation

The material elements of the compensation program for our named executive officers include: (i) base salary; (ii) cash-based incentive bonuses; and (iii) equity-based incentive awards.

Base Salaries.  We provide our named executive officers with a base salary to compensate them for services rendered during the fiscal year and sustained performance. The purpose of the base salary is to reflect job responsibilities, value to us and competitiveness of the market. Salaries for our named executive officers are determined by the compensation committee based on the following factors: nature and responsibility of the position and, to the extent available, salary norms for comparable positions; the expertise of the individual executive; and the competitiveness of the market for the executive’s services.

Performance Cash-Based Incentive Bonuses.  Our practice is to award cash-based incentive bonuses, based in part on the achievement of performance objectives or significant accomplishments as established by the compensation committee from time-to-time in its discretion. These performance objectives and significant accomplishments are, in part, developed in partnership with the executive and are discussed on an ongoing basis throughout the year.

Equity-Based Incentive Awards.  Our equity-based incentive awards are designed to align our interests with those of our employees and consultants, including our named executive officers. Our compensation committee is responsible for approving equity grants. As of the end of fiscal 2016, our named executive officers have been granted both stock option awards and restricted stock units. Vesting of the stock option and restricted stock unit awards is tied to continuous service with us and serves as an additional retention measure and long-term incentive.

Key Compensation Decisions and Developments for Fiscal Year 2016

For fiscal 2016, each executive was entitled to receive an annual incentive bonus, pursuant to their employment agreements. Following the completion of the 2016 fiscal year, each of our executive officers self-evaluated themselves against their specific goals and presented their assessment to the compensation committee. The compensation committee followed with its own assessment and discussed the results with each of our executive officers. Based on the year-end assessments, and pursuant to each executive’s current employment agreement, the compensation committee determined that our executive officers were entitled to incentive bonuses as follows:

Loretta P. Mayer, PH.D., Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer50% of base salary
Cheryl A. Dyer, PH.D., President and Chief Research Officer35% of base salary
Thomas C. Chesterman, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer80% of base salary
Base Pay.  Pursuant to their respective employment agreements entered into in November 30, 2015 and June 30, 2016, the current base salaries for our executive officers are as follows:

 
Loretta P. Mayer, PH.D., Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer $300,000 
Cheryl A. Dyer, PH.D., President and Chief Research Officer $250,000 
Thomas C. Chesterman, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer $250,000 
Cash-Based Incentive Compensation.  The following cash incentive bonuses were paid in 2016 to our executive officers for their performance during fiscal 2016:

 
Loretta P. Mayer, PH.D., Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer $250,308(1) 
Cheryl A. Dyer, PH.D., President and Chief Research Officer $237,599(2) 
Thomas C. Chesterman, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer $115,944 

(1)Cash-based incentive compensation for Loretta P. Mayer includes $150,000 paid in July, 2016 pursuant to the execution of her 2016 employment agreement, $30,000 in December, 2016 in

connection with 2016 performance objectives and $70,308 under the terms of her 2013 employment agreement that was cancelled in June, 2016 with the execution of her current agreement.
(2)Cash-based incentive compensation for Cheryl A. Dyer includes $150,000 paid in July, 2016 pursuant to the execution of her 2016 employment agreement, $17,500 in December, 2016 in connection with 2016 performance objectives and $70,099 under the terms of her 2013 employment agreement that was cancelled in June, 2016 with the execution of her current agreement.
Equity-Based Incentive Compensation.  The remainder of the incentive bonuses due to our executive officers to compensate them for their 2016 performance was paid in equity. Based on the final assessments of the compensation committee, in June and December, 2016, our executive officers were granted the following equity incentive awards out of our 2015 Equity Incentive Plan:

  
Named Executive Officer Restricted
Stock Units
 Dollar Value
of Options and
RSUs
Loretta P. Mayer  225,556(1)  $595,000 
Cheryl A. Dyer  223,241(1)  $576,250 
Thomas C. Chesterman  10,494  $85,000 

(1)220,000 of the restricted stock units awarded to each of Loretta P. Mayer and Cheryl A. Dyer as incentive bonus compensation vest  1/3 at the twelve month anniversary of issuance, and the remaining units vesting in equal quarterly tranches over the following twenty-four months of continuous service. All other restricted stock units awarded in 2016 vested and were issued immediately upon grant.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth the compensation earned during the past two fiscal years by (i) the person who served as our principal executive officer during 2016 and (ii) the two most highly compensated executive officers other than the chief executive officer who were serving as executive officers at the end of 2016 and whose total compensation for 2016 exceeded $100,000. The persons described in clauses (i) and (ii) above are collectively referred to herein as our “named executive officers.”

       
Name and Position Year Salary
($)
 Bonus
($)(5)
 Option
Awards
($)(1)
 RSU
Awards
($)(2)
 All Other
Comp
($)(4)
 Total
($)
Loretta P. Mayer, PH.D.,
Chair of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer
  2016  $207,958  $250,308  $  $595,000  $14,427  $1,067,693 
  2015  $107,000  $81,836  $2,410,400  $  $14,426  $2,613,662 
Cheryl A. Dyer, PH.D.,
President and Chief Research Officer
  2016  $182,958  $237,599  $  $576,250  $12,699  $1,009,506 
  2015  $107,000  $60,000  $2,410,400  $  $6,749  $2,584,149 
Thomas Chesterman(3)
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
  2016  $250,000  $115,944  $  $85,000  $  $450,944 
  2015  $  $  $861,600  $  $  $861,600 

(1)The amounts in this column reflect the aggregate grant-date fair value of stock option awards, determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (“ASC 718”) for stock-based compensation. The amounts included for a particular year reflect only the awards treated as granted in that year. Pursuant to SEC rules, the amounts shown disregard the impact of estimated forfeitures related to service-based vesting conditions. Assumptions used in the calculation of these award amounts are set forth in Note 14 (Stock-based Compensation) to the financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2017 (the “2016 10-K”).

(2)The amounts in this column reflect the aggregate grant-date fair value of restricted stock units awards, determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (“ASC 718”) for stock-based compensation. The amounts included for a particular year reflect only the awards treated as granted in that year. Assumptions used in the calculation of these award amounts are set forth in Note 14 (Stock-based Compensation) to the financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2017 (the “2016 10-K”).
(3)Mr. Chesterman was appointed as our executive vice president, chief financial officer, treasurer and assistant secretary effective in December 2015.
(4)The amounts in this column reflect the payment by us of life insurance premiums for Dr. Mayer and Dr. Dyer pursuant to their respective employment agreements.
(5)Bonus amounts were paid pursuant to their respective employment agreements as described above.

Grants of Plan-Based Awards

In June 2016, per the terms of employment letter agreements with each Dr. Dyer and Dr. Mayer, as further described below, our board of directors granted to each of Dr. Dyer and Dr. Mayer, an award of restricted stock units (RSUs) representing the right to receive 220,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The RSU awards will vest and be settled over a three-year period, with one-third of the units vesting on the twelve-month anniversary of the date of grant, and the remaining units vesting in equal quarterly tranches over the following twenty-four months of continuous service. In December 2016, our board of directors granted RSUs to each of Loretta Mayer, Cheryl Dyer and Tom Chesterman in the amounts of 5,556, 3,241 and 10,494 shares respectively. These were issued as part of their 2016 incentive compensation.

Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2016

The following table sets forth all outstanding equity awards held by each of our named executive officers as of December 31, 2016.

       
 Equity Awards
Name Grant Date Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
 Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
 Option
Exercise
Price
($)(1)
 Option
Expiration
Date
 Number of
Units of
Stock That
Have Not
Vested
(#)
 Market Value
of Units of
Stock That
Have Not
Vested
($)
Loretta P. Mayer  7/3/2015   300,000     $0.50   7/3/2025         
    10/15/2015   40,000     $0.50   10/15/2025         
    6/30/2016        $        220,000  $1,793,000 
Cheryl A. Dyer  7/3/2015   300,000     $0.50   7/3/2025         
    10/15/2015   40,000     $0.50   10/15/2025         
    6/30/2016        $        220,000  $1,793,000 
Thomas C. Chesterman  12/1/2015   45,000   75,000  $0.50   12/15/2025         
    9/9/2015(2)   15,000     $0.50   9/9/2018         

(1)The option exercise price is the closing price of our common stock on the grant date.
(2)Represents option grant to Mr. Chesterman on September 9, 2015 while he was serving as a consultant to the Company. The option grant fully vested upon employment with the Company in December 2015.

Employment Agreements

We have agreements with our named executive officers, which include provisions regarding post-termination compensation. We do not have a formal severance policy or plan applicable to our executive officers as a group.


Agreement with Dr. Mayer.  We entered into an employment letter agreement with Dr. Mayer dated June 30, 2016. Pursuant to this agreement, Dr. Mayer is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $300,000, which will be reviewed and may be adjusted periodically by the our compensation committee or board of directors. Dr. Mayer was paid a signing bonus of $150,000 immediately following the signing of her employment letter agreement. By entering into the employment letter agreement and accepting the signing bonus, Dr. Mayer agreed to waive all rights to receive any compensation amounts provided for in her previous employment agreement dated October 16, 2013.

During the term of Dr. Mayer’s employment with us, Dr. Mayer is eligible receive an annual bonus in an amount of up to 50% of her annual base salary, provided that whether Dr. Mayer is entitled to receive any bonus in any given year, and the specific amount of such bonus, shall be determined annually by our board of directors, and shall be based upon mutually agreeable performance objectives and other criteria to be determined by the board of directors. Annual bonuses will be payable within thirty days after the board of director’s determination that an annual bonus shall be awarded.

Pursuant to the terms of her employment letter agreement, on June 30, 2016 we granted to Dr. Mayer an award of restricted stock units (RSU) under our 2015 Plan, representing the right to receive 220,000 shares of our common stock. The RSU award vests and will be settled over a three-year period, with one-third of the units vesting on the 12-month anniversary of the date of grant, and the remaining units vesting in equal quarterly tranches over the following twenty-four months of continuous service.

Upon a change of control of our company, we have agreed to pay Dr. Mayer a bonus equal to (i) 1% of the amount of the net sale price (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement) of our company that is $100,000,000 or less, plus (ii) an additional 0.5% of the amount of the net sale price of our company that is more than $100,000,000, payable in cash or other proceeds payable to our other stockholders. Under the terms of her agreement, Dr. Mayer shall be entitled to this change of control bonus if the change of control transaction occurs within 12 months following the termination of her employment by us without cause (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement and excluding death or disability) or within 12 months following Dr. Mayer’s resignation for good reason (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement), provided that Dr. Mayer remains in compliance with her confidentiality and other ongoing post-termination obligations under the employment letter agreement.

Dr. Mayer shall be entitled to accrue four weeks paid vacation and sick leave per calendar year, and may participate in our standard benefits plans. Dr. Mayer is also entitled to be reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of her duties to our company in accordance with our rules and policies. We have agreed to pay the annual premiums for a key person term life insurance policy of $1,000,000, subject to underwriter’s acceptance.

In the event that Dr. Mayer is terminated without cause (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement) or if she resigns for good reason (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement), then Dr. Mayer shall receive her base salary and health insurance benefits for a period of 12 months following the effective date of such termination. Dr. Mayer will also be entitled to any earned but unpaid annual bonus, and all of her outstanding equity awards will accelerate immediately upon the date of her termination without cause (excluding death or disability) or resignation for good reason.

Agreement with Dr. Dyer.  We entered into an employment letter agreement with Dr. Dyer dated June 30, 2016. Pursuant to this agreement, Dr. Dyer is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $250,000, which will be reviewed and may be adjusted periodically by the our compensation committee or board of directors. Dr. Dyer was paid a signing bonus of $150,000 immediately following the signing of her employment letter agreement. By entering into the employment letter agreement and accepting the signing bonus, Dr. Dyer agreed to waive all rights to receive any compensation amounts provided for in her previous employment agreement dated October 16, 2013.

During the term of Dr. Dyer’s employment with us, Dr. Dyer is eligible to receive an annual bonus in an amount of up to 35% of her annual base salary, provided that whether Dr. Dyer is entitled to receive any bonus in any given year, and the specific amount of such bonus, shall be determined annually by our board of directors, and shall be based upon mutually agreeable performance objectives and other criteria to be


determined by the board of directors. Annual bonuses will be payable within thirty days after the board of director’s determination that an annual bonus shall be awarded.

Pursuant to the terms of her employment letter agreement, on June 30, 2016, we granted to Dr. Dyer an RSU award under our 2015 Plan, representing the right to receive 220,000 shares of our common stock. The RSU award vests and will be settled over a three-year period, with one-third of the units vesting on the 12-month anniversary of the date of grant, and the remaining units vesting in equal quarterly tranches over the following twenty-four months of continuous service.

Upon change of control of our company, we have agreed to pay Dr. Dyer a bonus equal to (i) 1% of the amount of the net sale price (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement) of our company that is $100,000,000 or less, plus (ii) an additional 0.5% of the amount of the net sale price of our company that is more than $100,000,000, payable in cash or other proceeds payable to our other stockholders in such company. Under the terms of her agreement, Dr. Dyer shall be entitled to this change of control bonus if the change of control transaction occurs within 12 months following the termination of her employment by us without cause (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement and excluding death or disability) or within 12 months following Dr. Dyer’s resignation for good reason (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement), provided that Dr. Dyer remains in compliance with her confidentiality and other ongoing post-termination obligations under the employment letter agreement.

Dr. Dyer shall be entitled to accrue four weeks paid vacation and sick leave per calendar year, and may participate in our standard benefits plans. Dr. Dyer is also entitled to be reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of her duties to our company in accordance with our rules and policies. We have agreed to pay the annual premiums for a key person term life insurance policy of $1,000,000, subject to underwriter’s acceptance.

In the event that Dr. Dyer is terminated without cause (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement) or if she resigns for good reason (as such term is defined in her employment letter agreement), then Dr. Dyer shall receive her base salary and health insurance benefits for a period of 12 months following the effective date of such termination. Dr. Dyer will also be entitled to any earned but unpaid annual bonus, and all of her outstanding equity awards will accelerate immediately upon the date of her termination without cause (excluding death or disability) or resignation for good reason.

Agreement with Mr. Chesterman.  We entered into an employment offer letter with Mr. Chesterman dated November 20, 2015 to serve as our chief financial officer. Pursuant to this agreement, we pay Mr. Chesterman a salary of $250,000 per year, and in accordance with the letter agreement, Mr. Chesterman’s salary may be paid up to fifty percent (50%) in stock options until we are in the financial position to pay the salary entirely in cash, to be determined by the chief executive officer. In addition, Mr. Chesterman is eligible for a performance bonus, which amounts shall be determined at least annually by mutual agreement on achievement of personal and company goals, which bonus will be targeted to be no less than $200,000 per year. Per the offer letter, we granted Mr. Chesterman a stock option to purchase 120,000 share of our common stock at an exercise price equal to $0.50 per share, which option vests over a four-year vesting schedule, with  1/48th of the option vesting monthly beginning on January 1, 2016, until such option is vested in full or Mr. Chesterman’s employment is terminated. The vesting of the option shall accelerate in full upon a change in control of us. Mr. Chesterman’s option may also be early exercised by entering into a restricted stock purchase agreement containing a right of repurchase in favor of us on any unvested portion of the shares subject to the option.


Employee Benefit Plans

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table presents certain information regarding our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options and vesting of restricted stock units granted to employees, consultants or directors as of December 31, 2016:

   
 Number of
securities to be
issued upon exercise
of outstanding
options, warrants
and rights
(a)
 Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)
 Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders  2,762,014(1)  $2.65   979,480 
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders    $    

(1)Amount includes 455,430 restricted stock units granted and unvested as of December 31, 2016.

We have granted options to purchase common stock to our officers, directors, employees and consultants under our 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan also enables us to grant restricted stock, restricted stock units and certain other equity-based compensation to our officers, directors, employees and consultants. Under the Plan, we awarded restricted stock units to each of our non-employee directors in 2015 and 2016. We also awarded restricted stock units to certain of our officers in 2016 under the Plan.

Insurance Premiums

We pay 75% of premiums for medical insurance and dental insurance for all full-time employees, including our named executive officers. We also offer high deductible plan options that include a healthcare flexible spending account component for all full-time employees, including our named executive officers. These benefits are available to all full-time employees, subject to applicable laws. We also pay premiums for life insurance and long-term disability insurance benefits for two of our named executive officers per the terms of their respective employment letter agreements, Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D. and Cheryl A. Dyer, Ph.D., and we also pay premiums for long-term disability insurance benefits for Kim Wolin, our executive vice president — operations and secretary, per the terms of her employment agreement.


STOCK OWNERSHIP

Security Ownership of Principal Stockholders, Directors and Management

The following table sets forth, as of April 12, 2017,July 28, 2023, information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stockCommon Stock by:

each person, or group of affiliated persons, known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of common stock;Common Stock;
each of our named executive officers;
each of our directors; and
all of our current executive officers and directors as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes any shares over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment power.

The number of shares listed below under the heading “Total Common Stock Equivalents”Shares Beneficially Owned” is the aggregate beneficial ownership of Common Stock for each stockholder and includes:

common stockCommon Stock beneficially owned;
Common Stock warrants exercisable;
currently vested options and RSUs;exercisable options; and
stock options that are not currently vested and RSUsexercisable but will become so within 60 days of July 28, 2023.
Of this total amount, the number of shares of Common Stock underlying options that are currently vested and stock options that are not currently vested but will become vested within 60 days after April 12, 2017.

Of this total amount, the number of shares of common stock underlying options and RSUs that are currently vested and stock options and restricted stock units that are not currently vested but will become vested within 60 days after April 12, 2017July 28, 2023 are deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of common stockCommon Stock outstanding beneficially owned by a stockholder, director or executive officer, (the “Deemedor the Deemed Outstanding Shares”)Shares, and are also separately listed below under the heading “Number of Shares UnderlyingIssuable Upon Exercise of Warrants and Options and RSUs,”Exercisable or Vested” but the Deemed Outstanding Shares are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of common stockour Common Stock outstanding beneficially owned by any other person. This table is based on information supplied by officers, directors, principal stockholders and filings made with the SEC. Percentage ownership is based on 10,161,0422,964,485 shares of common stockCommon Stock outstanding as of April 12, 2017.

July 28, 2023.

Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, all persons named in the table have sole voting and dispositive power with respect to their shares of common stock,Common Stock, except to the extent authority is shared by spouses under community property laws.

11    

Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o SenesTech, Inc., 314023460 N. Caden Court,19th Avenue, Suite 1, Flagstaff, Arizona 86004.

    
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Held
 Number of Shares
Issuable Upon
Conversion or
Exercise of Options
and RSUs by
June 12, 2017
 Total Shares
Beneficially Owned
 Shares Percent
5% Owners:
                    
Gilder, Gagnon, Howe and Co., LLC
475 10th Avenue, New York, NY 10018
  1,070,775      1,070,775   10.5
NAU Ventures, LLC
PO Box 4094, Flagstaff, AZ 86011
  400,000   210,526   610,526   6.0
Directors and Named Executive Officers:
                    
Loretta P. Mayer, Ph.D.(1)  473,376   340,000   813,376   8.0
Cheryl A. Dyer Ph.D.(1)  487,962   340,000   827,962   8.1
Thomas C. Chesterman  7,273   60,000   67,273   * 
110, Phoenix, AZ 85027.

Name of Beneficial OwnerNumber of
Shares
Beneficially
Held
Number of Shares
Issuable
Upon
Exercise of
Warrants and
Options
Exercisable
or Vested as
of July 28, 2023
Total Shares
Beneficially Owned
SharesPercent
Directors and Named Executive Officers:
Joel L. Fruendt13,22517,87431,0991.04%
Kenneth Siegel(1)
1,75720,37022,127*
Thomas C. Chesterman2511,94311,968*
Nicole C. Williams(2)
4,8764,876*
Jamie Bechtel, JD, Ph.D.14316,68616,829*
Delphine François Chiavarini6716,87716,944*
Phil N. Grandinetti III30,36830,3681.01%
Jake S. Leach7,50025,20032,7001.09%
Matthew K. Szot23425,27825,512*
All current executive officers and directors as a group (7 persons)21,194144,226165,4205.32%
5% Owners:
Armistice Capital, LLC367,570(3)(4)367,5709.99%
Lind Global Fund II LP285,715(5)(6)285,7159.64%
Intracoastal Capital LLC31,765(7)122,263(8)154,0284.99%
____________

    
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Held
 Number of Shares
Issuable Upon
Conversion or
Exercise of Options
and RSUs by
June 12, 2017
 Total Shares
Beneficially Owned
 Shares Percent
Marc Dumont(2)  121,637   18,889   140,526   1.4
Bob Ramsey(3)  261,748   10,000   271,748   2.7
Matthew K. Szot  34,000   10,000   44,000   
Julia Williams, M.D.(4)  108,212   10,000   118,212   1.2
Grover Wickersham(5)  322,100   10,000   332,100   3.3
All executive officers and directors as a group (9 persons)(6)  1,891,873   893,889   2,785,762   27.4% 

** Represents beneficial ownership of less than one percent (1%).
(1)Drs. Mayer and Dyer are married, but for purposes of the share amounts and percentages in this table, their beneficial ownership is displayed separately.
(2)Includes shares held by Marc Dumont and Patrick Dumont, JTWROS, an affiliate of Mr. Dumont.
(3)Includes shares of common stock held by Arrowsky LLC and NR Malibu Road LLC, affiliates of Mr. Ramsey.
(4)Includes shares of common stock held by Julia A. Williams MD Trust, an affiliate of Dr. Williams.
(5)Includes shares of common stock held by GTW PC Employee Profit Sharing Plan (over which Mr. Wickersham exercises voting control but disclaims beneficial ownership), Wickersham Childrens Trust (over which Mr. Wickersham exercises voting control but disclaims beneficial ownership), Lindsay Anne Wickersham 1999 Irrevocable Trust (the beneficiary of which is an immediate family member living with Mr. Wickersham who exercises voting control but disclaims beneficial ownership), and Paxton Lee Shoen 1998 Education Trust (over which Mr. Wickersham exercises voting control but disclaims beneficial ownership).
(6)Includes shares of common stock and options to purchase common stock held by Kim Wolin, our executive vice president, operations and secretary.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of less than one percent (1%).

(1)Mr. Siegel retired in November 2022.
(2)Ms. Williams’ employment with our company terminated as of April 2023.
(3)Based on the Exchange Act requires our officers and directors and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities to filestatement on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC reportson February 14, 2023, each of ownership on Form 3Armistice Capital, LLC and changesSteven Boyd has shared voting and dispositive power over 81,855 shares. Also includes 285,715 shares acquired by Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd. in ownership on Form 4 and Form 5. Officers, directors and greater-than-10% stockholders are requiredour recent registered direct offering. The address of Armistice Capital, LLC is 510 Madison Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, New York 10022.
(4)Does not include 2,934,575 shares of common stock underlying warrants held by Commission regulationsArmistice Capital, LLC, which includes a provision limiting the holder’s ability to furnishexercise the warrants if such exercise would cause the holder to us copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely on our review of the copies of such forms received by us, or written representations from certain reporting persons, we believe that all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to our officers, directors and greater-than-10% beneficial owners were met during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.


CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

We have been party to the following transactions since January 1, 2016, in which the amount involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000, and in which anybeneficially own greater than 9.99% of our executive officers, directors, promoters or holderscompany, and 285,715 shares of common stock underlying warrants held by Armistice Capital Master Fund Ltd., which includes a provision limiting the holder’s ability to exercise the warrants if such exercise would cause the holder to beneficially own greater than 4.99% of our company.

(5)Based on the statement on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on April 17, 2023, each of Lind Global Fund II LP, Lind Global Partners II LLC, and Jeff Easton has sole voting and dispositive power over 285,715 shares. The address of Lind Global Fund II LP is 444 Madison Avenue, Floor 41, New York, New York 10022.
(6)Consists of common stock underlying warrants held by Lind Global Fund II LP, which include a provision limiting the holder’s ability to exercise the warrants if such exercise would cause the holder to beneficially own greater than 4.99% of our company. Does not include, 292,299 shares of common stock underlying such warrants, the exercise of which would result in beneficial ownership by the holder of more than 5% of any class9.99% of our company.
(7)Based on the statement on Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on April 19, 2023, each of Intracoastal Capital LLC, Mitchell P. Kopin, and Daniel B. Asher have shared voting securities, or an affiliate or immediate family member thereof, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, other than compensation, termination and change in control arrangements, which are described in this Proxy Statement indispositive power over 13,715 shares. The address of Intracoastal Capital LLC and Mr. Kopin is 245 Palm Trail, Delray Beach, Florida 33483, and the section entitled “2016 Director Compensation” and “Executive Officer Compensation.”

Private Placementsaddress of Securities

Common Stock

The following table summarizes theMr. Asher is 111 W. Jackson Boulevard, Suite 200, Chicago, Illinois 60604.

(8)Includes (i) 13,715 shares of common stock issued since January 1, 2016underlying warrants held by Intracoastal Capital LLC, and (ii) 108,548 shares of common stock underlying warrants held by Intracoastal Capital LLC, which include a provision limiting the holder’s ability to anyexercise the warrants if such exercise would cause the holder to beneficially own greater than 4.99% of our directors, executive officers, holderscompany. Does not include 35,560 shares of common stock underlying such warrants, the exercise of which would result in beneficial ownership by the holder of more than 5% of any class4.99% of our voting securities, or an affiliate or immediate family member thereof, the valuecompany.

12    

Table of which exceeded $120,000:

   
Name of director, officer or 5% stockholder Date issued Number of
shares of
common
stock
 Aggregate
purchase
price paid
Grover Wickersham  March 30, 2016   320,000  $160,000 
Marc Dumont(1)  May 6, 2016   59,930  $149,824 
Bob Ramsey  April 7, 2016   20,000  $150,000 
NR Malibu Road LLC(2)  May 6, 2016   140,202  $350,505 
Julia A. Williams(3)  May 6, 2016   52,800  $132,000 

(1)Shares are held by Marc Dumont and Patrick Dumont, JTWROS, an affiliate of Mr. Dumont.
(2)Bob Ramsey, a member of our board of directors, is affiliated with NR Malibu Road LLC.
(3)Shares are held by Julia A. Williams MD Trust, an affiliate of Dr. Williams.

Executive Employment Arrangements

We have entered into employment agreements with certain of our executive officers. For more information regarding these agreements, see the section of the prospectus captioned “Executive Officer Compensation — Employment Agreements.”

Indemnification Agreements

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements provide for the indemnification of such persons for all reasonable expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any action or proceeding brought against them by reason of the fact that they are or were serving in such capacity. We believe that these charter provisions and indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors, officers and employees. Furthermore, we have obtained director and officer liability insurance to cover liabilities our directors and officers may incur in connection with their services to us.

Policies and Procedures for Transactions with Related Persons

We have adopted a policy that our executive officers, directors, nominees for election as a director, beneficial owners of more than 5% of any class of our common stock and any members of the immediate family of any of the foregoing persons are not permitted to enter into a related person transaction with us without the prior consent of our audit committee. Any request for us to enter into a transaction with an executive officer, director, nominee for election as a director, beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities or any member of the immediate family of any of the foregoing persons, in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and such person would have a direct or indirect interest, must first be presented to our audit committee for review, consideration and approval. In approving or rejecting any such proposal, our audit committee is to consider the material facts of the transaction, including, but not limited to, whether the transaction is on terms no less favorable than terms generally available to an unaffiliated third party under



PROPOSAL NO. 2

RATIFY APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The independent registered public accounting firm of M&K CPAS, PLLC (“M&K”) has acted as our auditor since December 22, 2014 and has audited our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. M&K is responsible for performing an independent audit of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States and issuing a report on its audit. A representative of M&K is expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, where he or she will have the opportunity to make a statement and to respond to appropriate questions.

The audit committee has appointed, and the board of directors has ratified the audit committee’s appointment of, M&K as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017.

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The aggregate fees billed by M&K for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 for professional services described below are as follows:

(1)Audit fees related to professional services rendered in connection with the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements and, with respect to fiscal year 2016, the reviews of the consolidated financial statements included in each of our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and accounting services that relate to the audited consolidated financial statements and are necessary to comply with generally accepted auditing standards.
(2)Audit related fees related to attestation services related to our initial public offering completed December 8, 2016 that were reasonably related to the performance of its audit of our financial statements and not reported under the caption “Audit fees.”

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

We have implemented pre-approval policies and procedures related to the provision of audit and non-audit services. Under these procedures, our audit committee pre-approves all services to be provided by M&K and the estimated fees related to these services.

All audit, audit related, and tax services were pre-approved by the audit committee, which concluded that the provision of such services by M&K was compatible with the maintenance of that firm’s independence in the conduct of its auditing functions. Our pre-approval policies and procedures provide for the audit committee’s pre-approval of specifically described audit, audit-related, and tax services on an annual basis, but individual engagements anticipated to exceed pre-established thresholds must be separately approved. The policies and procedures also require specific approval by the audit committee if total fees for audit-related and tax services would exceed total fees for audit services in any fiscal year. The policies and procedures authorize the audit committee to delegate to one or more of its members pre-approval authority with respect to permitted services.

Audit Committee Report

In connection with our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, the Audit Committee has:


Discussed with our independent registered public accounting firm, M&K CPAs PLLC, the matters required to be discussed by applicable auditing standards; and
Received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent registered public accounting firm required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent registered public accounting firm’s communications with the audit committee concerning independence and discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence.

Based upon these reviews and discussions, the Audit Committee approved our audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC.

Submitted by the Audit Committee:
Matthew K. Szot (Chair)
Grover T. Wickersham
Marc Dumont

Vote Required

The ratification of the appointment of M&K CPAS, PLLC as our independent registered public accounting firm requires that the votes cast in favor of the proposal exceed the votes cast against the proposal.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE
FOR RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF M&K CPAS, PLLC
AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR
THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2017.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]


OTHER MATTERS

Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors and Board Attendance at AnnualSpecial Stockholder Meetings

Our stockholders may, at any time, communicate in writing with any member or group of members of the boardour Board of directorsDirectors by sending such written communication to the attention of our Secretary by regular mail to our principal executive offices.

Copies of written communications received by our Secretary will be provided to the relevant director(s) unless such communications are considered, in the reasonable judgment of our Secretary, to be improper for submission to the intended recipient(s). Examples of stockholder communications that would be considered improper for submission include, without limitation, customer complaints, solicitations, communications that do not relate directly or indirectly to us or our business, or communications that relate to improper or irrelevant topics.

The Chairmanchair of the boardBoard of directorsDirectors is expected to make all reasonable efforts to attend our annual stockholderspecial meeting in person.of stockholders. If the Chairmanour board chair is unable to attend an annual stockholdera meeting of stockholders for any reason, at least one other member of the boardBoard of directorsDirectors is expected to attend in person.attend. Other members of the boardBoard of directorsDirectors are expected to attend our annual stockholder meeting in personof stockholders if reasonably possible. The Company held its 2016 annual meeting on September 26, 2016.

Proxy Materials Delivered to a Shared Address

Stockholders who have the same mailing address and last name may have received a notice that your household will receive only one proxy statement.Notice. This practice, commonly referred to as “householding,” is designed to reduce the volume of duplicate information and reduce printing and postage costs. A single proxy statementNotice will be delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected stockholders. Once you have received notice, from usthe Company or from your bank, broker or other registered holder, that it will be householding communications to your address, householding will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. A number of banks, brokers and other registered holders with account holders who are our stockholders household our proxy materials. If you hold your shares in street name, and no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate proxy statementmaterials in the future, or currently receive multiple copies of the proxy materials and would like to request householding, please notify your bank, broker or other registered holder. If you are a holder of record, and no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate proxy statementmaterials in the future, or currently receive multiple copies of the proxy materials and would like to request householding, please notify us in writing at 3140SenesTech, Inc., 23460 N. Caden Court,19th Avenue, Suite 1, Flagstaff,110, Phoenix, AZ 86004,85027, Attention: Secretary, or by telephone at (928) 779-4143. Any stockholder residing at a shared address to which a single copy of the proxy materials was delivered who wishes to receive a separate copy of our proxy statement may obtain a copy by written request addressed to 3140SenesTech, Inc., 23460 N. Caden Court,19th Avenue, Suite 1, Flagstaff,110, Phoenix, AZ 86004, attention:85027, Attention: Secretary. We will deliver a separate copy of our proxy statement to any stockholder who so requests in writing promptly following our receipt of such request.

Transaction of Other Business

Our boardBoard of directorsDirectors knows of no other matters to be submitted at the AnnualSpecial Meeting. If any other business is properly brought before the AnnualSpecial Meeting, proxies will be voted in respect thereof as the proxy holders deem advisable.


13    

Annual ReportANNEX A


FORM OF
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO
AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF
SENESTECH, INC.
SENESTECH, INC., a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), does hereby certify as follows:
1.The name of the Corporation is SenesTech, Inc.
2.The Board of Directors of the Corporation has duly adopted a resolution pursuant to StockholdersSection 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware setting forth a proposed amendment to the Amended and Form 10-K

Our Annual LetterRestated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation and declaring said amendment to Stockholders forbe advisable. The requisite stockholders of the year ended December 31, 2016 (whichCorporation have duly approved the proposed amendment in accordance with Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The amendment amends the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation as follows:

3.Article IV of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is not a parthereby amended by deleting the last paragraph of our proxy solicitation materials) is being mailedArticle IV in its entirety and adding the following paragraph as the last paragraph of such Article IV.
“Upon the filing and effectiveness (the “Effective Time”) of this Certificate of Amendment to our stockholders with this proxy statement. A copyAmended and Restated Certificate of our Annual Report on Form 10-K forIncorporation of the year ended December 31, 2016,Corporation, each [](1) shares of the Corporation’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”), issued and outstanding or held by the Corporation in treasury stock immediately prior to the Effective Time shall automatically be combined into one (1) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock without exhibits, is includedany further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof, subject to the treatment of fractional interests as described below. Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, no fractional shares will be issued in connection with the Annual Letterreverse stock split. Stockholders of record who otherwise would be entitled to Stockholders.

By Orderreceive fractional shares, will automatically be entitled to rounding up of their fractional share to the nearest whole share. No stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional shares. Each certificate that immediately prior to the Effective Time represented shares of Common Stock shall thereafter automatically and without the necessity of presenting the same for exchange, subject to the adjustment for fractional shares as described above, represent that number of whole shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Common Stock formerly represented such certificate shall have been combined, provided however, that each person of record holding a certificate that represented shares of Common Stock that were issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall receive, upon surrender of such certificate, a new certificate evidencing and representing the number of whole shares of Common stock after the Effective Time into which the shares of Common Stock formerly represented by such certificate shall have been combined.”

4.The foregoing amendment shall become effective on , 20 , at 12:01 a.m, Eastern Time.

1 To be any number between and including 2 and 12, at the discretion of the Boardboard of Directors


Loretta P. Mayer
Chairdirectors.

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Flagstaff, Arizona
April
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, SenesTech, Inc. has caused this Certificate of Amendment to be executed as of this         , 20 2017

.

SENESTECH, INC.
By:
Name:
Title:

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

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